Design of VLSI Circuits

Microelectronics are certainly one of the key-technologies of our time. They are a key factor of technological and economic progress. They effect the fields of automation, information and communication, leading to the development of new applications and markets. Attention should be focused on three areas of development: - process and production technology, - test technology, - design technology. Clearly, because of the development of new application fields, the skill ~f design ing integrated circuits should not be limited to a few, highly specialized experts Rather, this ability should be made available to all system aDd design engineers as a new application technology - just like nrogramrning technology for software. For this reason, design procedures havt: to be developed which, supported by appropriate CAD systems, provide the desIgn englIl~I' with tools for representaltop effective instruments for design and reliable ·tools for verificatibn, ensuring simpre, proper and easily controllable interfaces for the manufacturing and test processes. Such CAD systems are called standard design systems. They open the way to fast and safe design of integrated circuits. First, this book demonstrates basic principles with an example of the Siemens design system VENUS, gives a general introduction to the method of designing integrated circuits, familiarizes the reader with basic semiconductor and circuit tech nologies, shows the various methods of layout design, and presents necessary con cepts and strategies of test technology.

1 Introduction to the Design of Integrated Circuits.- 1.1 User Technology for Digital Electronics.- 1.2 The Process of Problem Solving.- 1.3 Procedure Example ADUS.- 1.4 HW Method Versus SW Method.- 1.5 The IC Design Process as Problem Solving Process.- 1.6 Introduction to the Standard Methods of the Layout Design.- 1.7 Interpretations of the Terminology.- Literature-Chapter 1.- 2 Introduction to Semiconductor Technology for Integrated Circuits.- 2.1 Summary.- 2.2 Components and Technology.- 2.3 Bipolar Semiconductor Circuits.- 2.4 MOS Semiconductor Circuits.- 2.5 Analog MOS Circuits.- 2.6 Mounting and Packaging.- Literature-Chapter 2.- 3 Layout Design Methods.- 3.1 Cell-Oriented Design Methods.- 3.2 The Gate-Array Design Method.- 3.3 Cell-Oriented Design Methods without Préfabrication.- 3.4 Standard Cells.- 3.5 Macrocells.- 3.6 User-Specific Cells.- 3.7 Free Macrocells and Manual Layout.- 3.8 Distinctive Features of the Layout with Analog Cells.- Literature-Chapter 3.- 4 Test Concepts.- 4.1 Introduction to the Problem of Testing.- 4.2 Design for Testability.- 4.3 Tools for the Design for Testability.- 4.4 Test Data Generation.- 4.5 Tools for Testing.- 4.6 Selftest.- Literature-Chapter 4.- 5 Cells and Libraries.- 5.1 Application of Cell Libraries.- 5.2 Development of the Cell Libraries.- Literature-Chapter 5.- 6 Application of the VENUS Design System.- 6.1 Summary.- 6.2 Customer/Manufacturer Interfaces.- 6.3 Organisational Preparation of the VENUS Application.- 6.4 Technical Preparation for VENUS Application.- 6.5 Design Steps of Computer-Aided Circuit Design with VENUS.- 6.6 Sample Fabrication.- 6.7 Test.- Literature-Chapter 6.- 7 Outlook.- 7.1 Functional Scope.- 7.2 Aspects of Wide-Scope Application.- 7.3 Embedding in the System Design.- 7.4 Embedding in theTechnology Development.- Literature-Chapter 7.