Mechanical Effects of Welding

The International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) initiated and sponsored an International Symposium on The Mechanical Effects of Welding. was held in Lulea, Sweden, 10-14 June 1991. The intention of the The Symposium Symposium was to gather active scientists in order to assess the current state of the art and future directions. The field of welding is an area which includes a large number of scientific disciplines, such as materials science, solid mechanics, thermal science, and also mechanical engineering design and production engineering. The intention of the Symposium was to cover the direct mechanical effects of welding and their influence on the in-service behaviour of welded structures. The Mechanical Effects of Welding is a very appropriate theme for an IUTAM Symposium. Progress in this field requires close interaction between researchers in several disciplines. This is reflected in the topics covered. The topics of the different sessions were: o Calculations of Temperatures, Strains and Stresses o Residual Stresses and Residual Deformations o Measurements of Residual Strains and Stresses o Effects of Defects and Residual Stresses on Fracture and Fatigue o Effects of Residual Stresses on Creep Deformation o Effects of Residual Deformations and Residual Stresses on Buckling There were 50 participants from 12 countries at the Symposium. The 28 papers presented at the Symposium are collected in this volume. A Scientific Committee, appointed by the Bureau of IUTAM, selected the participants to be invited and the papers to be presented.

Constitutive Modelling of Metals at High Temperatures.- Coupling Heat Transfer, Microstructure Evolution and Thermal Stress Analysis in Weld Mechanics.- Very High Homologous Temperature Constitutive Models for Semi-Solid and Solid Metals.- Transformation Plasticity (TRIP) under a Triaxial Stress State.- Research on Welding Stresses during Phase Transformation.- Modelling Phase Transformations for the Calculation of Internal Stresses During Fast Heating and Cooling in Steels.- The Analytical Method of Bainite Transformation Evaluation in Microalloyed Steels in the Process of Rapid Cooling.- Calculations of Temperatures, Strains and Stresses.- Thermal Problems of Welding.- Three-Dimensional Simulation of a Laser Surface Treatment through Steady State Computation in the Heat Source's Comoving Frame.- Temperature Fields and Stress States in Welded Tubes of Rectangular Cross Section.- Residual Stresses and Residual Deformations.- The Characteristics of the Source of Welding Residual Stress (Inherent Strain) and its Application to Measurement and Prediction.- Residual Stress Distributions after Welding as a Consequence of the Combined Effect of Physical, Metallurgical and Mechanical Sources.- Measurements of Residual Strains and Stresses.- Measurement of Residual Stress Distributions Near the Toe of a Weld between a Bracket and a Plate Using the Crack Compliance Method.- The Neutron Strain Scanner: Measurements in Welds.- Effects of Defects and Residual Stresses on Fracture and Fatigue.- Effect of Weld Metal Mis-match on Toughness Requirements: Some Simple Analytical Considerations using the Engineering Treatment Model (ETM).- Compressive Strength of Structural Members with Undermatching Weld Joints.- Effect of Mechanical Heterogeneity on the Absorbed Energy of WeldedJoint.- On the Correlation between Charpy Notch Toughness and Fracture Toughness of Base and Weld Metal.- Poster Session.- Three Dimensional Finite Element Modeling of Welded Structures.- Influence of Weldmatching on Mechanical Behaviours.- Combined Solid and Shell Element Modelling of Welding.- Mathematical Modelling of Molten Pool in Arc Welding.- Computation of Temperature Distribution due to Welding in Piping Systems.- Effects of Residual Stresses on Creep Deformation.- Design of Weldments in Structures Subjected to Creep.- Creep Behaviour of 304 Stainless Steel Welded Joints Composed of Two Different 308 Weld Metals.- Effects of Residual Deformations and Residual Stresses on Buckling.- The Influence of Welding Stresses and Distortions on the Stability of Shells of Revolution.- Influences of Welding Imperfections on Stiffness of Rectangular Plate under Thrust.- Influence of Residual Stresses and Deformation on Buckling Behaviour of Plates.- Harmonic Response of a Spot Welded Box Beam - Influence of Welding Residual Stresses and Deformations.