Life Style and Criminality

It is with distinct pleasure that I accepted the invitation by Professor Gappinger to write a foreword to Life Style and Criminality, which is the English-language report on the comparative study of young offenders conducted by the Institute of Criminology of Tiibingen University, and a rendition of the content of two of the author's works based on this study and bearing the German titles Der Tater in seinen sozialen Beziigen (The Offender in his Social Relationships) and Ange wandte Kriminologie (Applied Criminology). I consider that the availability in English translation of these Tiibingen studies by Professor Gappinger should be of considerable interest to American criminolo gists. Professor Gappinger is a well-known criminologist in his country, whose vo luminous textbook in criminology recently appeared in its fourth edition. Profes sor Gappinger holds degrees in law and medicine, and throughout his life has made use of both of these background orientations and competencies in his work.

Detailed Table of Contents.- I Object and Methods.- 1 Starting Point and Aim.- 2 Design of the Study.- 3 Investigative Procedure.- 4 Evaluation of the Data.- II Results in the Separate Areas.- 1 Preliminary Remarks.- 2 The Social Spheres.- 3 Somatic, Psychiatric, and Psychological Aspects.- 4 The Sphere of Delinquency.- 5 Survey of the Individual Findings.- III Complex, Overall View.- 1 Methodological Considerations.- 2 Comparison of Ideal-typical Behavior of O- and G-Subjects.- 3 Comparisons in the Cross Section.- 4 Comparisons in the Longitudinal Section.- 5 Patterns of Relevance and Value Orientation.- 6 Summary: The Unity of the Offender in the Context of His Social Relationships.- IV Applied Criminology - The Method and Criteria of Criminological Diagnosis and Prognosis.- 1 Importance and Range.- 2 The Criminological Assessment of Individual Cases.- 3 General Explanations on the Presentation of a Criminological Assessment.- Appendix - The Criminological Assessment of a Case.- 1 Survey of Personal Record.- 2 Information from the Records and Direct Investigations.- 2.1 General Social Behavior.- 2.1.1 Childhood and Child Rearing (Family of Orientation).- 2.1.2 The Sphere of Abode.- 2.1.3 The Sphere of Performance.- 2.1.4 The Sphere of Leisure.- 2.1.5 The Sphere of Contacts.- 2.1.6 Alcohol and Drug Consumption.- 2.2 The Sphere of Delinquency.- 2.2.1 Previous Offenses, Convictions, and Sentences Served.- 2.2.2 Last Offenses.- 2.3 Orientation in Life.- 3 Data Analysis.- 3.1 The Analysis of the Longitudinal Section of Life.- 3.1.1 Behavior in the Various Social Spheres.- 3.1.1.1 Child Rearing.- 3.1.1.2 The Sphere of Abode and Living.- 3.1.1.3 The Sphere of Performance.- 3.1.1.4 The Sphere of Leisure.- 3.1.1.5 The Sphere of Contacts.- 3.1.2 The Sphere of Delinquency.-3.2 The Analysis of the Cross Section of Life.- 3.2.1 O-Criteria.- 3.2.2 G-Criteria.- 3.3 Patterns of Relevance and Value Orientation.- 3.3.1 Patterns of Relevance.- 3.3.2 Value Orientation.- 4 The Criminological Diagnosis.- 4.1 Assessment on the Basis of the Criteria of Reference of the Criminological Triad.- 4.2 "Special Aspects" in the Life of the Offender, Particularly in View of Prognosis and Interventions.- 5 Conclusions in View of Prognosis and Interventions.- References.