Mastopexy and Breast Reduction

T e Breast: T e center of emotional attraction, the source of nourishment, and means of seduction are some of the many possible de? nitions of this precious feminine attribute. Since ancient times, the female breast has had an important role for women and society in general. It is up to art to glorify it and it is the artist’s job to ? nd an ideal shape for it. Works of art survive as testimony to the evolution and transformation of the breast. Since prehistoric times, the cult of the Great Mother has settled in this place. T e breast thus becomes the focus of the renewal of life and its cycles. It is the symbol of fertility and abundance and symbolizes life’s renewal. T e breast then is the center of the magical, wonderful forces that rule the world. T e numerous statuettes typically with ample bosoms and emphasizing sexual organs testify to the powerful role that women played in the Egyptian, Minoan, Syrian, and Mesopotamian cultures. When the masculine e- ment prevailed over the feminine, the breast became the creative principle of the u- verse. T e Great Mother became the wife or the daughter. T e breast was no longer a magical place. T e statuettes were certainly feminine but they were not known for their beauty. Images of a marked yet less powerful sensuality were created instead.

Breast Anatomy.- Mammary Anatomy.- Preoperative.- Preoperative Consultation.- The Sitting, Oblique, Supine (SOS) Marking Technique for Mastopexy and Breast Reduction.- Prediction of Weight in Breast Reduction Surgery.- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Women Undergoing Breast Reduction.- Extent of Symptoms Preoperatively and Success of Breast Reduction for Symptomatic Macromastia: Personal Experiences.- Mammograms in Cosmetic Breast Surgery.- Mastopexy.- History of Mastopexy.- Principles of Mastopexy.- Treatment of Pseudoptosis.- Crescent Mastopexy.- Benelli Concentric Mastopexy.- Short Scar Mastopexy with Flap Transposition: The Concept of the Biological Implant in Cosmetic Breast Surgery.- Double Flap Technique: An Alternative Mastopexy Approach.- The Triple-Flap Interposition Mammaplasty.- “Flip-Flap” Mastopexy and Breast Reduction.- L-Wing Superior Pedicle Vertical Scar Mammaplasty.- Fascial Suspension Mastopexy.- Internal Mastopexy.- Combined Mastopexy/Augmentation.- Breast Augmentation and Mastopexy: How to Select and Perform the Techniques Minimizing Complications.- Vaser®-Assisted Breast Reduction and Mastopexy.- Periareolar Mammaplasty for the Treatment of Gynecomastia with Breast Ptosis.- Mastopexy Complications.- Combined Mastopexy and Breast Reduction.- Boustos' Technique of Periareolar Mastopexy and Breast Reduction.- Dermal Purse String Reduction Mastopexy.- Breast Reduction/Mastopexy with Short Inverted T Scar.- Regnault B Mastopexy: A Versatile Approach to Breast Lifting and Reduction.- Mastopexy/Reduction and Augmentation without Vertical Scar.- Breast Reduction and Mastopexy with Vaser in Male Breast Hypertrophy.- Breast Reduction.- History of Breast Reduction.- Principles of Breast Reduction Surgery.- The Use of Epinephrine in Breast Surgery.- Choosing a Technique in Breast Reduction.- Breast Reduction Techniques and Outcomes.- Breast Reduction Algorithm Using TTM Chart.- Template-Goniometer for Marking the Wise Keyhole Pattern of Reduction Mammaplasty.- Individualized Wise Keyhole Pattern: An Aid in Reduction Mammaplasty of the Asymmetric Breasts.- Double Dermal Keyhole Pattern.- Deepithelialization in Breast Reduction: A Simple Technique.- A Specially Designed Ruler and a Triangular Suture to Simplify Reduction Mammaplasty.- Endoscopic Mastopexy and Breast Reduction.- Reduction Mammoplasty: The Use of Contact Tip ND:YAG Laser.- Axillary Reduction Mammaplasty.- Periareolar Mammaplasty with Transposition of Flaps.- Inverted Keel Resection Breast Reduction.- Superior Vertical Dermal Pedicle for the Nipple—Areola.- Liposuction and Superior Pedicle.- Superior Medial Pedicle Breast Reduction and Auto Augmentation.- Reduction Mammoplasty with the Supero-Lateral Dermoglandular Pedicle Technique.- Superior-Medial Pedicle Technique for Large Breast Reduction.- The Central Mound Technique for Reduction Mammaplasty.- Central Mound Technique for Breast Reduction.- The Robbins Inferior Pedicle Reduction Mammaplasty.- Modification of the Inferior Pedicle Technique.- Short Scar Periareolar Inferior Pedicle Reduction Mammaplasty.- Reduction Mammaplasty Using Inferior Pedicle Technique Combined with Dermal Suspension.- Mckissock Bipedicle Breast Reduction.- Strömbeck Technique.- Medial and Inferior Bipedicle Breast Reduction for Gigantomastia and Mammary Hypertrophy.- Modified Biesenberger Dual Pedicle Technique of Breast Reduction.- Mammaplasty with a Circular Folded Pedicle Technique.- The Modified Robertson Reduction Mammaplasty.- “Owl” Incision Technique Reduction Mammaplasty.- Regnault B Technique.- Vertical (Lejour) Breast Reduction.- Liposuction and Vertical Breast Reduction.- The Circumvertical Reduction Mammaplasty.- Eliminating the Vertical Scar in Breast Reduction.- The Bipolar Technique: Short Inframammary Scar Mammaplasty.- Breast Shaping by an Isolated Tissue Flap.- Free Nipple Areolar Graft Reduction Mammaplasty.- Liposuction Breast Reduction.- Breast Reduction with Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction.- Vaser-Assisted Breast Reduction.- Complications of Breast Reduction and Mastopexy.- Complications of Breast Reduction.- Late Sequelae of Breast Reduction.- Breast Feeding After Breast Reduction.- Alteration of Nipple and Areola Sensitivity by Reduction Mammaplasty.- Prevention of the Inverted Teardrop Areola Following Mammaplasty.- Prevention of Teardrop Areola and Increasing Areola Projection in Inferior Pedicle Reduction Mammoplasty.- Correction of the High-Riding Nipple After Breast Reduction.- Zigzag Glanduloplasty to Reduce Flatness of Lower Pole of Breast Following Breast Reduction.- Recurrent Deformities after Breast Reduction and Mastopexy.- Recurrent Mammary Hyperplasia.- Repeat Reduction Mammaplasty.- Breast Reduction and Cancer in the Gland Remnant.- Breast Cancer and Reduction Mammoplasty.- Skin Circulation in the Nipple After Bipedicle Dermal Flap Reduction.- Complications in Augmentation Mastopexy.- Miscellaneous.- Medical Legal Aspects.- Editor's Commentary.