Marine Microbiology

Deliberately breaking with the classical biology-centered description of marine organisms and their products, this reference emphasizes microbial technology over basic biology, setting it apart from its predecessors. As such, it systematically covers the technology behind high-value compounds for use as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals or cosmetics, from prospecting to production issues. Following a definition of the field, the book goes on to address all industrially important aspects of marine microbial biotechnology. The first main part contains a description of the major production organisms, from archaebacteria to cyanobacteria to algae and symbionts, including their genetic engineering. The remaining four parts look at commercially important compounds produced by these microorganisms together with their applications. Throughout, the emphasis is on technological considerations, and the future potential of these organisms or compound classes is discussed. A valuable and forward-looking resource for innovative biotechnologists in industry as well as in academia.

Deliberately breaking with the classical biology-centered description of marine organisms and their products, this reference emphasizes microbial technology over basic biology, setting it apart from its predecessors. As such, it systematically covers the technology behind high-value compounds for use as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals or cosmetics, from prospecting to production issues.Following a definition of the field, the book goes on to address all industrially important aspects of marine microbial biotechnology. The first main part contains a description of the major production organisms, from archaebacteria to cyanobacteria to algae and symbionts, including their genetic engineering. The remaining four parts look at commercially important compounds produced by these microorganisms together with their applications. Throughout, the emphasis is on technological considerations, and the future potential of these organisms or compound classes is discussed. A valuable and forward-looking resource for innovative biotechnologists in industry as well as in academia.

PREFACEINTRODUCTION TO MARINE ACTINOBACTERIAIntroductionActinobacteriaOrigin and Distribution of Marine ActinobacteriaIsolation and Identification of Marine ActinobacteriaIndigenous Marine ActinobacteriaRole of Actinobacteria in the Marine EnvironmentImportance of Marine ActinobacteriaSymbiosesBioinformaticsConclusionsTREASURE HUNTING FOR USEFUL MICROORGANISMS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENTIntroductionMicroorganisms Living in the Marine EnvironmentMicroorganisms Living in Deep Sea WaterSTRATEGY OF MARINE VIRUSES IN GLOBAL ECOSYSTEMIntroductionReproductive Strategies of VirusesAbundance of Marine VirusesViral Activities in EcosystemsRecent Advancement of Viruses versus DiseasesThe Effect of Ocean Acidification on Marine VirusesFurther AspectsTAXONOMIC STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING MARINE ACTINOBACTERIAIntroductionMaterials and MethodsResultDiscussionConclusionMARINE CYANOBACTERIA: A PROLIFIC SOURCE OF BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS AS DRUG LEADSIntroductionBioactive Secondary Metabolites from Marine CyanobacteriaConclusionsMARINE BACTERIA ARE AN ATTRACTIVE SOURCE TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEMS OF ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUSIntroductionStrategies for Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance of BacteriaMarine Bacteria Are Attractive Natural Sources for Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance of MRSAMARINE BACTERIA AS PROBIOTICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN AQUACULTUREIntroductionDefinition of Probiotics in AquacultureSelecting and Developing Probiotics in AquacultureEffects of Probiotics on Aquatic OrganismsProbiotics in the Larviculture 1Problems Associated with Probiotics DevelopmentFurther Work and ConclusionsSMALL-MOLECULE ANTIBIOTICS FROM MARINE BACTERIA AND STRATEGIES TO PREVENT REDISCOVERY OF KNOWN COMPOUNDSAntibiotic Activity of Marine BacteriaStructurally Elucidated Marine Bacterial AntibioticsCosmopolitan Antibiotics: the Rediscovery ProblemFuture Strategies for the Discovery of Marine Bacterial AntibioticsConclusions and PerspectivesMARINE BACTERIOPHAGES FOR THE BIOCONTROL OF FISH AND SHELLFISH DISEASESIntroductionMode of Action of PhagesDiversity of Marine PhagesApplication of Marine Phages to Control Fish and Shellfish DiseasesPotentials and Limitations of Phage Therapy in Marine Fish and ShellfishMARINE ACTINOMYCETES AS SOURCE OF PHARMACEUTICALLY IMPORTANT COMPOUNDSIntroductionMarine Actinomycetes as Source of TherapeuticsMarine Actinomycete Compounds as AntibacterialsMarine Actinomycete Compounds as Antitumors/AntiproliferativeMarine Actinomycete Enzymes as AntiproliferativesMarine Actinomycete Compounds as AntimalarialsMarine Actinomycete Compounds as AntifungalsBioactive Compounds from Sponge-Associated ActinomycetesConclusionANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS FROM MARINE CYANOBACTERIA AND ACTINOMYCETESIntroductionAntimicrobials from Marine ActinomycetesAntimicrobials from Marine CyanobacteriaCurrent Research Status: Challenges and Future ProspectsConclusionsBIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM MARINE ACTINOMYCETESIntroductionActinomycetesDiversity and Distribution of Marine ActinobacteriaBioactive CompoundsConclusionsFUNGAL BIOACTIVE GENE CLUSTERS: A MOLECULAR INSIGHTIntroduction to Fungal Secondary MetabolitesPolyketide SynthaseNonribosomal Peptide SynthetasePKS and NRPS ProductsConclusionsANTICANCER POTENTIALS OF MARINE-DERIVED FUNGAL METABOLITESIntroductionMarine FungiCancer: Initiation, Progression, and TherapeuticsAnticancer Metabolites of Marine Fungal OriginFuture Prospects and Concluding RemarksANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIMYCOTOXIN ACTIVITIES OF MARINE ACTINOMYCETES AND THEIR COMPOUNDSIntroductionDiversity of Actinomycetes in the SeaDiversity of Natural Compounds from Marine ActinomycetesBiological ActivitiesConclusionsANTITUBERCULOSIS MATERIALS FROM MARINE MICROBESIntroductionMarine Microbe-Derived Antituberculosis AgentsConclusionsHARNESSING THE CHEMICAL