Renewable Raw Materials

One of the main challenges facing the chemical industry is the transition to sustainable operations. Industries are taking initiatives to reduce resource intensities or footprints, and by adopting safer materials and processes. Such efforts need to be supported by techniques that can quantify the broad economic and environmental implications of industrial operations, retrofi t options and provide new design alternatives. This contemporary overview focuses on cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments of existing or conceptual processes for producing valueadded fuels, chemicals, and/or materials from renewable agricultural residues, plant-derived starches and oils, lignocellulosic biomass, and plant-based industrial processing wastes. It presents the key concepts, systems, and technologies, with an emphasis on new feedstocks for the chemical industry. Each chapter uses common themes of specifi c raw materials, thus forming a natural progression throughout the book. The result is coverage from a wide range of perspectives, emphasizing not only the technical issues but also considering the market place and socio-economic aspects.

One of the main challenges facing the chemical industry is the transition to sustainable operations. Industries are taking initiatives to reduce resource intensities or footprints, and by adopting safer materials and processes. Such efforts need to be supported by techniques that can quantify the broad economic and environmental implications of industrial operations, retrofi t options and provide new design alternatives.This contemporary overview focuses on cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments of existing or conceptual processes for producing valueadded fuels, chemicals, and/or materials from renewable agricultural residues, plant-derived starches and oils, lignocellulosic biomass, and plant-based industrial processing wastes.It presents the key concepts, systems, and technologies, with an emphasis on new feedstocks for the chemical industry. Each chapter uses common themes of specifi c raw materials, thus forming a natural progression throughout the book. The result is coverage from a wide range of perspectives, emphasizing not only the technical issues but also considering the market place and socio-economic aspects.

INTRODUCTION TO RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRYPLANTS AS BIOREACTORS: PRODUCTION AND USE OF PLANT-DERIVED SECONDARY METABOLITES, ENZYMES, AND PHARMACEUTICAL PROTEINSIntroductionRenewable Resources in the Chemical IndustryFine Chemicals and DrugsPlant-Made PharmaceuticalsWORLD AGRICULTURAL CAPACITYPetrochemicals TodayRenewable ChemicalsAgricultural ProductionSupplying the Chemical IndustrySummaryLOGISTICS OF RENEWABLE RAW MATERIALSIntroductionDetermining Factors for the Logistics of Industrial Utilization Chains for Renewable Raw MaterialsProcessing Steps of Renewable Raw Material Logistic ChainsDesign and Planning of Renewable Raw Material Logistic ChainsSummary and ConclusionsEXISTING VALUE CHAINSIndustrial Biotechnology Today - Main Products, Substrates, and Raw MaterialsWhite Biotechnology - Future Products from Today's Raw Materials?Effects of Feedstock and Process Technology onthe Production Cost of ChemicalsNew Raw Materials for White BiotechnologyCase Studies: Lignocellulose as Raw Material and IntermediatesCase Studies: "SCOs" as Raw Material and IntermediateConclusionsFUTURE BIOREFINERIESIntroductionCurrent and Future Outlook for BiofuelsChemicals from Renewable ResourcesThe Role of Clean Technologies in BiorefineriesThe Size of Future BiorefineriesConclusionsECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE INDUSTRIAL USE OF RENEWABLE RAW MATERIALSIntroductionBiorefinery Industry and the Development of EU Rural AreasFrom Analytic to Systemic Modeling Methodology of the Biorefinery IndustryStakeholders' Perceptions of Biorefinery in Rural Areas: Issues and Lessons from the South of ItalyConcluding RemarksBIOBASED PRODUCTS - MARKET NEEDS AND OPPORTUNITIESIntroductionDefinitionBasic Technology for the Conversion of Renewable Raw MaterialsClasses of BioproductsCurrent StatusOutlook and PerspectivesLIFE-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF BIOBASED PRODUCTSIntroduction: Why Life-Cycle Analysis of Biobased Products?The Methodological Framework of LCASpecific Methodological Aspects for LCA for Biobased ProductsLCA Studies for Biobased Products: Major Findings and InsightsConclusionsCONCLUSION