Ceramics Science and Technology

Although ceramics have been known to mankind literally for millennia, research has never ceased. Apart from the classic uses as a bulk material in pottery, construction, and decoration, the latter half of the twentieth century saw an explosive growth of application fields, such as electrical and thermal insulators, wear-resistant bearings, surface coatings, lightweight armour, and aerospace materials. In addition to plain, hard solids, modern ceramics come in many new guises such as fabrics, ultrathin films, microstructures and hybrid composites. Built on the solid foundations laid down by the 20-volume series Materials Science and Technology, Ceramics Science and Technology picks out this exciting material class and illuminates it from all sides. Materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biochemists, physicists and medical researchers alike will fi nd this work a treasure trove for a wide range of ceramics knowledge from theory and fundamentals to practical approaches and problem solutions.

Although ceramics have been known to mankind literally for millennia, research has never ceased. Apart from the classic uses as a bulkmaterial in pottery, construction, and decoration, the latter half of the twentieth century saw an explosive growth of application fields, such aselectrical and thermal insulators, wear-resistant bearings, surface coatings, lightweight armour, and aerospace materials. In addition to plainhard solids, modern ceramics come in many new guises such as fabrics, ultrathin films, microstructures and hybrid composites.Built on the solid foundations laid down by the 20-volume series Materials Science and Technology, Ceramics Science and Technology picksout this exciting material class and illuminates it from all sides. Materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biochemists, physicists andmedical researchers alike will fi nd this work a treasure trove for a wide range of ceramics knowledge from theory and fundamentals to practical approaches and problem solutions.

PREFACEPART ONE: Structural ApplicationsOXIDATION AND CORROSION OF CERAMICSIntroductionSilica-Forming CeramicsAlumina-Forming CeramicsUltrahigh-Temperature CeramicsOxide Ceramic Degradation MechanismsConcluding RemarksTHERMAL BARRIER COATINGSIntroductionManufacturing RoutesYSZ-Based TBCSNew TBC SystemsSummaryCERAMIC FILTERS AND MEMBRANESCeramics in Hot Gas FiltrationCeramic Membranes for Liquid FiltrationCeramic Membranes for Pervaporation/Vapor PermeationCeramic Membranes for Gas SeparationHIGH-TEMPERATURE ENGINEERING CERAMICSIntroductionEngineering Ceramic SystemsTurbine Engine ApplicationsApplications for Rocket Propulsion and Hypersonic VehiclesFriction MaterialsConcluding Remarks: Barriers to ApplicationADVANCED CERAMIC GLOW PLUGSIntroductionGlow PlugsMetal-Type Glow PlugsCeramic Glow PlugsFabrication Procedure of Heater Elements for Ceramic Glow PlugsMaterial Design of the Ceramic Heater ElementSilicon Nitride CeramicsConclusionsNANOSIZED AND NANOSTRUCTURED HARD AND SUPERHARD MATERIALS AND COATINGSIntroduction: Small is StrongDifferent Mechanisms of Hardness Enhancement in CoatingsMechanisms of Decomposition of Solid Solution and Formation of NanostructureIndustrial Applications of Nanocomposite and Nanostructured Coatings on ToolsConclusions and Future ChallengesPOLYMER-DERIVED CERAMICS: 40 YEARS OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN ADVANCED CERAMICSIntroduction to Polymer-Derived Ceramics (PDCs)Preceramic Polymer SynthesisProcessing of Preceramic PolymersMicrostructure of PDCsProperties of PDCsApplications of PDCsConclusions and OutlookPART TWO: Functional ApplicationsMICROWAVE CERAMICSIntroductionMicrowave Dielectric PropertiesOverview of Microwave Dielectric MaterialsCrystal Chemistry of Perovskite and Tungsten-Bronze-Type Microwave CeramicsMicrostructural Features in High-Q PerovskitesGlass-Free Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic LTCC Microwave MaterialsCERAMIC FUEL CELLS: PRINCIPLES, MATERIALS, AND APPLICATIONSIntroductionFuel Cell Systems Efficiency and the Role of Ceramic Fuel CellsCeramic Fuel Cell Systems and Applications to DateEfficiency and Principles of Ceramic Fuel CellsHistorical Overview of Ceramic Fuel CellsSOFC Materials and PropertiesNew Approaches for Ceramic Fuel CellsConcluding RemarksNITRIDOSILICATES AND OXONITRIDOSILICATES: FROM CERAMIC MATERIALS TO STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITYIntroductionSynthetic Approaches1D Nitridosilicates2D Nitridosilicates3D NitridosilicatesChemical Bonding in NitridosilicatesMaterial PropertiesOutlookCERAMIC LIGHTINGIntroductionSolid-State Lighting and White Light-Emitting DiodesCeramic PhosphorsWhite Light-Emitting Diodes Using Ceramic PhosphorsOutlookCERAMIC GAS SENSORSIntroduction: Definitions and ClassificationsMetal-Oxide-Based Gas Sensors: Operational Principles and Sensing MaterialsPerformance CharacteristicsNano-Micro IntegrationMechanism of Gas DetectionCharacterization MethodologyConclusions and OutlookOXIDES FOR LI INTERCALATION, LI-ION BATTERIESIntroductionWhy Oxides are Attractive as Insertion MaterialsTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobalt- and Nickel-Based OxidesCopperConclusionMAGNETIC CERAMICSBackgroundIntroductionMagnetiteDoped ManganitesFerrimagnetic Double PerovskitesIron Nitrides and Summary