Youth-Police Relations in Multi-Ethnic Cities.

Anina Schwarzenbach is a criminologist and postdoctoral associate at the University of Maryland, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, and a fellow with Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center. Schwarzenbach's work focuses on political violence and governmental responses, cyber power and threats, policing, and state legitimacy. She is a member of Belfer's Cyber Project team that has built the National Cyber Power Index 2020, and has been an International Security Program Postdoctoral Fellow (2018-2020). Prior to that, she was a researcher at the Max-Planck-Institute for Foreign Criminal Law and Criminology in Germany (2013-2018), where she has worked extensively on issues related to institutional discrimination and policing of minorities. Anina Schwarzenbach holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Freiburg, Germany, and a LL.M. and M.A. from the Swiss universities of Bern and Zurich.

Young people are exposed to police attention to a higher extent than other age groups. Yet, surprisingly little is known on how the younger generation relates to, views and experiences the police, and the extent to which young people are being targeted by the police based on visible attributes.

The relationship of young people with the police is shaped by the context in which encounters take place and affected by historical developments and national policing strategies. At the same time, in today's increasingly multi-ethnic cities, youth-police relations face new challenges.
Drawing on an original dataset, the book provides novel evidence on how young people define and experience their relationship with the police in multi-ethnic German and French cities. Through systematic analyses of youth-police encounters and attitudes, it gives in-depth insights on police ethnic profiling practices targeting the younger generation and on key individual and contextual factors that jeopardize positive youth-police relations.

Young people are exposed to police attention to a higher extent than other age groups. Yet, surprisingly little is known on how the younger generation relates to, views and experiences the police, and the extent to which young people are being targeted by the police based on visible attributes. Through systematic analyses of youth-police encounters and attitudes, the book gives in-depth insights on police ethnic profiling practices targeting the younger generation and on key individual and contextual factors that jeopardize positive youth-police relations.

Part I: Young People' s Relationship with the Police
Quantity, Quality and Correlates of Contacts with the Police - Attitudes toward and Cooperation with
the Police
Part II: Theories, Key Assumptions and Methods
Framing Youth-Police Relations - Data and Methods
Part III: Empirical Evidence on Contacts between Juveniles and the Police
Findings on Police Contacts - Findings on Experiences of Police Contact
Part IV: Empirical Evidence on Attitudes of Juveniles toward the Police
Findings on Positive Attitudes toward the Police
Part V: Empirical Evidence on Juveniles' (Non-)Cooperation with the Police
Findings on the Willingness to Cooperate versus Resorting to Self-Help Measures - Conclusion
Bibliography
Annex