Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation

The book can be considered unique from various perspectives: from the physiological and practical point of view as well as from the side of the therapeutic approach. As a matter of fact, from the physiological perspective, noninvasive mechanical ventilation has been shown to have several beneficial effects on the elasticity, musculature, and resistance of the upper and lower airways. Then, in the book the relationships between noninvasive respiratory management options and upper airway disorders in medical and postoperative conditions are also considered. Finally, the book provides information and analysis of the interaction of upper airways in the interaction of noninvasive mechanical ventilation management, which are the determining factors in the response in various clinical settings.

Considering the growing evidence of the role of upper airways disorders in influencing the outcomes of noninvasive mechanical ventilation, in this book is presented a unique multidisciplinary approach to better understand the role of upper airways in noninvasive mechanical ventilation.

Foreword. Preface. Part I. Upper Airways Anatomy and Applied Physiology.- Upper airway structure.- Upper airways the maxilar-Jaw effect.- Upper airways ethnic variations.- Nasal upper airway flow and resistance.- Upper airway humidification. Physiology and clinical implications.- Upper airway -thermoregulation and Airway resistance.- Work of breathing in Upper Airway Respiratory Failure.- Noninvasive positive and negative pressure effects in upper airway respiratory failure.- Part II. Upper Airways Noninvasive Ventilator Management.- Nasal high flow- Rationale and indications.- Noninvasive ventilation. Rationale and indications.- The mask Interface designs.- Relationships mask interface and upper airway anatomy- physiology.-  Noninvasive ventilation in Upper airways: pressure, airflow, and volume waveforms monitoring.- Success and failure Risk factors of response. Noninvasive ventilator support options.- Humidification in Noninvasive and high flow oxygen Humidification.- Part III. Clinical indications in upper airways disorders.- Noninvasive approaches in Supraglottic and vocal cord dysfunction.- Noninvasive approaches in Dynamic airway collapse.- Noninvasive approaches in tracheobronchomalacia.- Upper airways noninvasive ventilation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.- Noninvasive approaches in Difficult endotracheal intubation.- Noninvasive approaches after extubation. Respiratory failure. Ventilatory options.- Noninvasive approaches in do not intubation and palliative indications.- Upper airway respiratory failure in Anesthesiology.- Pharmacology in upper airway physiology.- Upper airway disorders and postoperative respiratory failure.- Tracheostomy in upper airway disorders.- Decannulation process in upper airway disorders. Noninvasive approaches.- Hypercapnic Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders.- Neuromuscular respiratory disorders.- Sleep Obstructive Apnea Syndrome.- Sleep Breathing in Heart failure.- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome.- Noninvasive ventilatory approaches in Neonatology.- Upper airway disorders in Pediatrics. Noninvasive ventilatory approaches.- Bronchoscopy procedure and non-invasive approach.- Transesophageal echocardiography and non-invasive approach.- Part IV. Diagnosis and Monitoring.- Diagnostics procedures: Laryngoscopy and fibro bronchoscopy.- Functional procedures in Upper Airways disorders.- Sleep Breathing disorders.- Swallowing disorders and upper airways relationships during noninvasive ventilation.- Monitoring upper airway disorders and noninvasive ventilation approach. Pulse oximetry and capnography.- Clinical cases: Endoscopy evaluation.- Clinical cases: noninvasive ventilation.- Part V.  Outcome in Upper Airway Disorders and Noninvasive Ventilatory Options.- Key Summary in treatment and prevention.- Long term outcome and home noninvasive mechanical ventilation.