Societies Under Threat

Denise Jodelet, Docteur d'Etat in Social Psychology, Directeur d'Etudes at the École des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, and member of the Foundation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme has taken the direction of the Laboratoire de Psychologie sociale of the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales after its founder, Serge Moscovici. Specialized in the study of Social Representations she has directed various programs of research and doctoral thesis (particularly in the domains of environment, health, memory, education). She has published many books and articles, of theoretical and empirical nature, on social representations, pointing particularly on the fields of madness and mental health, body, health, environment, collective memory and social threats). She is currently oriented towards meaning construction and transmission through art and religion, giving attention to the imaginary dimension of social representations. Her work has led her to establish stretch collaborative relations with diverse universities in Europe, Latin and South America, Asia and Africa. Responding to Serge Moscovici's desire to give continuity to the international network animated in the Laboratoire Européen de Psychologie Sociale, she has founded and his the President of the "Réseau Mondial Serge Moscovici" (REMOSCO) at the Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, Paris.
Jorge Vala, PhD in Social Psychology, is an Emeritus Researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences (ICS)/University of Lisbon. Jorge Vala is a former Director of the Institute for Social Sciences from the University of Lisbon and he was the National Coordinator of the European Social Survey (ESFRI). At ICS, his research focus on socio-cognitive processes, namely in the field of social representations and ideologies, social norms and social identities. His present projects articulate these processes with the study of racism and prejudice, migration issues, social threats, political attitudes, social justice, and validation of everyday knowledge.
Ewa Drozda-Senkowska, is Professor of Social Psychology in the University of Paris where she has been the Director of the Laboratory of Social Psychology and where she was the Director of the Institute of Psychology. She created a laboratory for the study of social threats at its University. She has coordinated several works on collective irrationalities, the pitfalls of reasoning and psychology of anticipation. She authored several books, chapters and scientific papers focusing on group behaviour and, the more recent ones, on social threats.

This book illuminates the importance of threat on the representation of everyday life, from an interdisciplinary perspective. Divided into three parts, the book sets out by addressing the conceptual aspects of threat and by opening views  on phenomena and social processes associated with threat. It shows how  threat constitutes an analytical category that simultaneously involves social, psychological, religious, historical and political factors, and calls for a sufficiently broad conceptual definition to integrate pluri-disciplinary contributions. The second part focuses on the building of threats, mainly the environmental threats that have reached a tragic dimension today and are a core aspect of world concerns, the contemporary global terrorism, the migrations and the challenges these bring to contemporary societies, as well as the threats associated with the emergence of nationalism and the diverse aspects of excluding the Other. The final part examines the coping strategies, including oblivion, denial and defiance associated with different sources of threats, for instance those arising from epidemic and collective diseases, financial technology, natural disasters and collective traumas.

Illuminates the importance of threat on the representation of everyday life, from an interdisciplinary perspective

Part 1: AN INDISPENSABLE DEBATE: FROM RISKS TO THREATS.- Chapter 1. Threats: the time factor. Flight, defence, dismay (Henri Atlan).- Chapter 2. Some Social Psychological processes creating threat from risk (Glynis Breakwell).- Chapter 3. The Use and Misuse of the Notion of Threat in the Public Sphere (Denise Jodelet).- Chapter 4. Threats and transcendental damage (Dominique Bourg).- Chapter 5. The collective emotional impact of threatening events (Bernard Rimé).- Part 2: THREATS: GROUPS AND IDENTITIES AT STAKE.- Chapter 6. Terrorisme: a new threat? (Michel Wiewiorka).- Chapter 7. Migrants and refugees as Threats: from the attribution of meaning to social legitimation of exclusion (Jorge Vala & Cícero Pereira).- Chapter 8. Gypsies: What Threat? (Juan A. Pérez & Mariangeles Molpeceres).- Chapter 9. A lasting symbolic threat: the dispute over the name Macedonia in Greece (Nikos Kalampalikis).- Chapter 10. Time in the intimate relationships and the AIDS threat (Thémis Apostolidis).- Chapter 11. Climate change: one risk, multiple threats. For a better understanding of the public's perceptions of and answers to climate change (Sabine Caillaud, Virginie Bonnot & Silvia Krauth-Gruber).- Part 3: COPING WITH THREATS IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE.- Chapter 12. The financial Logos or the eschatology of financial technoscience (Christian Walter).- Chapter 13. Threat and Oblivion: Trying to understand the silencing of the Spanish Flu (1918-19) (Maria Luisa Lima & José Manuel Sobral).- Chapter 14. Threats under control: the historical lesson of the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 (José Luís Cardoso).- Chapter 15. The perception of the threat of climate change and the conditions of political decisions (Laurence Tubiana).- Chapter 16. Unbounded environment, risk society and potentialization of threats: a challenge for social sciences (Lionel Charles & Bernard Kalaora).- Chapter 17. Climate Change in the XXIst Century: A Risk or a Threat? (Filipe Duarte Santos).