Pediatric Retinal Vascular Diseases

This book provides comprehensive and up-to-date information on diagnosis, medical and surgical treatments for pediatric retinal vascular conditions, which are leading causes of childhood blindness throughout the world. Experienced ophthalmologists in the field discuss basic knowledge about these diseases and practical aspects of management such as exam under anesthesia, diagnostic approaches including spectral-domain hand-held optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography. The reader will learn about the recent advances in medical and surgical treatments for pediatric retinal vascular diseases. The surgical treatments, anti-VEGF injections, laser photocoagulation and lens sparing vitrectomy are explained step-by-step and can be observed in several videos.

Both the general ophthalmologist who cares for children with retinal diseases and the specialist (pediatric ophthalmologists and vitreoretinal surgeon) will find this book to be an informative resource in providing best care for children with pediatric retinal vascular conditions.

Basics of pediatric retinal vascular diseases.- Development of hyaloid, vitreous and retinal vasculature.- Preparation of neonates before exam and surgery.- Pupil dilatation of neonates.- What to do in case of bad pupil dilatation?.- Anaesthesia for examination and surgery of neonates.- Exam under local and general anesthesia.- Surgery under local and general anesthesia.- Examination of neonates with wide-field fundus camera.- Fundus Imaging (1): Wide-field fundus photo.- Examination of neonates with angiography and OCT.- Fundus Imaging (2): Fluorescein angiography.- Fundus Imaging (3): OCT and OCTA.- FEVR.- diagnosis of FEVR.- classification of FEVR.- treatments of FEVR (laser/anti-VEGF/surgery).- Coats’ disease.- diagnosis of Coats’ disease.- classification of Coats’ disease.- treatment Coats’ disease with laser/anti-VEGF.- surgical treatment Coats’ disease (laser, vitrectomy).- Incontinentia Pigmenti.- diagnosis of Incontinentia Pigmenti.- classification of Incontinentia Pigmenti.- treatments of Incontinentia Pigmenti (laser/anti-VEGF/surgery).- surgical treatment of Incontinentia Pigmenti (vitrectomy).- Norrie disease.- diagnosis of  Norrie disease.- classification of  Norrie disease.- treatments of  Norrie disease (laser/anti-VEGF/surgery).- ROP.- Pathogenesis of ROP.- oxygen, inflammation, growth factors, essential nutrients.- Classification & Screening of ROP.- Laser treatment: indications, how to laser, anatomical/visual results, involution after laser, complications.- Anti-VEGF treatment.- Surgical treatments for stage 4/5 ROP.- Long-term outcomes of ROP: visual development (including visual acuity), refractive error, strabismus.