Oceanography Challenges to Future Earth

This book documents the effects of natural hazards on coastal ecosystems in detail. The sea is an indispensable component of the Earth system, and human societies obtain many goods and services from the marine environment. Global warming threatens marine ecosystems through seawater temperature rise, acidification, sea-level rise and the increased frequency of severe storms. The repeated effects of tsunamis also have major impacts on coastal ecosystems. Increases in population and industry activities along the coast cause the degradation of coastal ecosystems through direct and indirect uses of the environment such as reclamation, overexploitation of bioresources, and pollution. Given these facts, we need to improve our understanding of the physical, chemical and biological mechanisms characterizing marine ecosystems, in order to better measure the effects of anthropogenic and natural impacts on the sea and its ecosystems. Equipped with a comprehensive understanding of the sea, including the effects of the main pressures on it, we will have a better idea of the future state of the sea based on several scenarios of global warming.
The 16th France-Japan Symposium on Marine Science focused on using advances in oceanography to better understand the current status of the sea from physical, chemical, biological and ecological perspectives, including fishery sciences and integrated approaches.

Presents original studies including results from cooperation between France and Japan

Evolution and progress accomplished during previous French-Japanese symposiums of Oceanography.- Challenge to resolve problems in the ocean and coastal waters in future Earth with stronger cooperation between the two Societies.- Slower decrease in radioactive concentrations in some fish species after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster.- Relationship between patterns of fish behavior and concentration of radioactive materials after the nuclear accident caused by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.- Estimate of Water Quality Change in Osaka Bay Caused by the Suspension of Marine Sediment with Mega Tsunami.- Litter in the Mediterranean Sea.- The European eel (Anguilla Anguilla) in France: An example of close cooperation among researchers and fishers to study and manage an endangered species.- Trophic cascade in seaweed beds in Sanriku Coast hit by the huge tsunami on 11 March 2011: Sea urchin fisheries as a Satoumi activity serving for increase in marine productivity and biodiversity.- The English Channel: becoming like the seas around Japan.- Recent research results and future project in the Antarctic Ocean by Umitaka-Maru research groupfor physical oceanography.- Response of near-inertial internal waves to various typhoon-tracks around the Tango Peninsula, Japan.- A high-resolution unstructured grid finite volume model for currents around narrow straits of Matsushima Bay.- Observation of near-bottom current on the continental shelf off sanriku.- Control of pressure-driven microdroplet formation and optimum encapsulation in microfluidic system.- Development of a de-oiling system for seabed sediments.- Development of an optical detection system of fuel oil on seabed sediments.- Retinomotor and stress responses of Marbled Sole Pleuronectes yokohamae under the LEDs.