Reaching the Unreached: Challenges for the 21st Century

John Pickford (1927-2006) founded the Water Engineering and Development Centre at Loughborough University 40 years ago.

A selection of papers from the 22nd WEDC conference, aiming to find ideas and techniques which will aid fieldworkers operating and maintaining water and sanitation to 'reach the unreached'; covering an extensive range of topics, including management, people and health, and emergency situations.

Section A MANAGEMENT; Tom Armstrong and Hukumraj Thapa Nepal; Step-wise approach to rural schemes; Robert A. Boydell India; Scaling up rural water and sanitation projects; J.R. Calvert and R.W.A. Franceys WEDC; Management development for public health: India; Barbara Evans I d a; Institutional incentives and urban sanitation; Rakesh Mehrotra and Naresh Kumar India; Pricing of water - mechanisms and policy; Usha P. Raghupathi India; Financing options for water supply; Dr Kevin Wall and Ms Lenyalo Motsei South Afica; Engineering the unreached: South Africa; Section B COncMUNIv ANAGEMENT; A.N. Alwani India; Role of government, NGOs and private bodies; Liz Juppenlatz Netherlank; Paperwork or people? Jeremy Ockelford, Jan-Willem Rosenboom and Bent Kjellerup Cambodia; A VLOM framework for Cambodia 36; Dr Z. Phiri Zambia; Community-based approaches - the mythology; Richard W. Pollard Indonesia; The people's choice: community management of RWS; Kevin Sansom India; Water engineers and community management; Daniel Schotanus and Binyam Yoseph Ethiopia; From confrontation to co-operation; Section C PEOPLE AMl HEALTH; Dr Mary Elmendorf USA; Priorities, challenges and strategies: a feminine perspective; Ms Renu Gera India; Rainwater harvesting and empowerment of women; Bilqis Amin Hoque and Nahid Amin Bangladesh; Social mobilization for sanitation; Monique Meiring South Apica; Women involvement: empowerment or disempowerment? Jayanta Ray India; Empowerment of women for sustainable development; Sk Abu Jafar Shamsuddin Bangladesh; Communication approaches in sanitation promotion; Dr Karen Stoufer and Ron Stoufer Nepal; The role of local womensf NGOs; Section D WATER RESOURCES AND USE; M. Feroze Ahmed Bangladesh; Coastal water supply in Bangladesh; Charles Batchelor, Chris Lovell, John Chilton and Isiah Mharapara UK; Development of collector well gardens; Dorji Choden Bhutan; Rural water supply experience in Bhutan; Lyes Ferroukhi and Srinivas Chokkakula Sweden; Indigenous knowledge of water management; Diederik Prakke Bhutan; Intake design for small streams; Dr K.C.B. Raju and Lyes Ferroukhi Sweden; Water harvesting in coastal areas; Brian H. Skinner WEDC; Handpump standardiiation; Ian Smout WEDC; Irrigation project evaluation, Takeo, Cambodia; Section E WASTEWATER AND ITS TREATMENT; Mrs Shyamala Krishna, Bhatta, Bamerjee, John and Channabasappa I Alternative sewage treatment gives fuel and manure . 113; C.N.A. Ratnam Sozctlz Afi-ica; Treated sewage effluent for agriculture 116; M.D. Smith, Jeremy Parr and R.M. Stear WEDC; Seawater for non-potable uses; Dr S.L. Tang Hong Kong; Strategic sewage disposal in Hong Kong; Section F WATER QUALITY AND SUPPLY; Eli Dahi Denmark; Contact precipitation for defluoridation of water 129; Paul Luxton and Professor Nigel Graham UK; Natural fabrics in slow sand filtration; G.L. McConnachie, A.M. Warhurst, S.J. Pollard and V. Chipofya UK; Activated carbon h m Moringa husks and pods 137; Nur Muhammad, Ken Ellis, Jeremy Parr and Michael D Smith WEDC; Optimization of slow sand filtration 141; Robert H. Reed UK; Sol-air water treatment; Section G SOLID WASTE AND SANITATlON; L.M. Austin South Afi-ica; STED systems in South Africa; Andrea E. Cook, Ashim Chowla and Deepa Joshi India; Sanitation needs of the urban poor in Lucknow; Mark Harvey I Impmving urban sanitation services in Lucknow; S. Lahiri Philzppines; Self-help incremental sanitation approach; Dr Bindeshwar Pathak India; NGO's role in sanitation sector; Roger Pfammatter and R. Schertenleib Swifierland; Non-govemenftal refuse collection systems; M.H. Rahman, M.A. Mottalib and M.H. Bhuiyan Bangladesh; A study on biogas technology in Bangladesh; K.S. Ramasubban and B.B. Samanta Irza'zlb; Integrated sanitation project in Midnapore; Darren Saywell WEDC; Sanitation for %he urbam poor; Chandan Sengupta Indri? Pollution travel from leach pits; Section H EMERGENCY SITUATIONS; Sarah House and Bob Reed WEDC; Rapid assessment of emergency water sources; Alp Ozerdem UK; Water under fire