The Problem of Money

Based on long-term medical anthropological research in northern Ghana, the author analyses issues of health and healing, of gender, and of the control and use of money in a changing rural African setting. He describes the culture of medical pluralism, so typical for neo-colonial states, and people''s choices of "traditional" (local) medicine (plants and sacrifices), Islamic medicine (charms and various written solutions) and "modern" therapy (biomedicine, in particular western pharmaceuticals). He concludes that the rural-urban divide is a fiction, that demarcations between these areas are frequently blurred, linked by a postcolonial, capitalist discourse of local markets, regional economies and national structures, which frequently emerge in local African settings but often originate in global and multinational markets.

Based on long-term medical anthropological research in northern Ghana, the author analyses issues of health and healing, of gender, and of the control and use of money in a changing rural African setting. He describes the culture of medical pluralism, so typical for neo-colonial states, and people’s choices of “traditional” (local) medicine (plants and sacrifices), Islamic medicine (charms and various written solutions) and ”modern” therapy (biomedicine, in particular western pharmaceuticals). He concludes that the rural-urban divide is a fiction, that demarcations between these areas are frequently blurred, linked by a postcolonial, capitalist discourse of local markets, regional economies and national structures, which frequently emerge in local African settings but often originate in global and multinational markets.

List of Illustrations and Tables
Foreword
Preface

Chapter 1. ‘New’ and Enduring Social and Economic Formations Continuity With the Past or ‘Tradition’
1.1 The Land and the People
1.2 History, Politics and Religion
1.3 A Bilateral People?
1.4 The Local Scene Negotiating the Future and the Global Economy
1.5 Women in a Male-Oriented Society
1.6 Women, the Household and the Economy

Chapter 2. Powers of the Person
2.1 The Individual and the Sway of Maternal Kinship
2.2 The Morality of Witchcraft and Medicines: The Contrast of Legitimacy and Gender
2.3 Enchanted Modernity and Witchcraft

Chapter 3. Basic Concepts of Health and Illness
3.1 Illness: The Environment, the Living and the Dead
3.2 Common Illness
3.3 Ideas about the Body, Heart, Stomach and Common Symptoms
3.4 What is Illness?
3.5 Diagnosing Symptoms
3.6 Protection and the Occult

Chapter 4. Medicines, Modernity and Commoditization
4.1 What is Medicine?
4.2 Tim
4.3 Images of Medicines
4.4 Classification of Medicines
4.5 Naming Medicines
4.6 Plants, Western Pharmaceuticals and Islamic Medicines
4.7 Treatment Choices: Magical and Non-Magical Medicines
4.8 Medicines, Modernity and Commoditization
4.9 A Note on the Provision of Medical Care in the Nineties

Chapter 5. The Herbalist, Medical Pluralism and the Cultural Patterning of Illness
5.1 The Local Curer and His Plants
5.2 The Cultural Construction of Medical Knowledge: Becoming a Herbalist
5.3 Medical Pluralism in Dagomba
5.4 Biopower and the Cultural Patterning of Illness
5.5 Medical Knowledge and Medical Culture

Chapter 6. Health, Wealth and Magic
6.1 Health, Wealth and Magic
6.2 The Modernity of Divination: The Power of Lotteries

Chapter 7. A Woman’s Lot: the Practical Realities of Care
7.1 The Dominant Voice: Men’s Control of Local Medicines
7.2 The Structure of the Quest for Medicine: ‘Begging for Medicine’
7.3 Ideology and Practice: Women, the Future and Decision Making
7.4 The Ethics of Care and the Female Strategy of Child Care

Chapter 8. The Problem of Money: Money and Medicine
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Wealth, Health and the Community
8.3 Monetary and Non-Monetary Transactions in Dagomba
8.4 Contexts of Curing or the Problem of Money in Medicine
8.5 ‘Money Spoils the Medicine’
8.6 The (Im)morality of Medicines: Medicine-Sellers and Drug Peddlers
8.7 ‘Money Spoils the Medicine’: Ideology and Practice
8.8 ‘Money Spoils the Medicine’ Revisited
8.9 Healing and ‘The Problem of Money’

Conclusion

Appendices
1. The Burden of Illness
2. Patterns of Medicine Use

References
Glossary
Index