IntroductionMarilyn Shatz and Louise C. Wilkinson
I. Early Language Experience and School Readiness
1. The Brain and Language Acquisition: Variation in Language Knowledge and Readiness for EducationBarbara T. Conboy
2. The Process of Acquiring a First and Second LanguageKathryn Kohnert and Giang Pham
3. Language Choice and Competence: Code Switching and Issues of Social Identity in Young Bilingual ChildrenIliana Reyes and Susan M. Ervin-Tripp
II. Language and Literacy Principles and Practices in School
4. Ways to Words: Learning a Second-Language VocabularyLisa M. Bedore, Elizabeth D. Peña, andKarin Boerger
5. The Role of Phonology in Orthographically Different LanguagesEllen H. Newman
6. Bilingualism and Cognitive Linkages: Learning to Read in Different LanguagesEllen Bialystok and Kathleen F. Peets
7. Learning English as a Second LanguageMaría Estela Brisk
III. Assessment and Interaction: Working with Children and Families
8. Communicative Repertoires and English Language LearnersBetsy Rymes
9. Difficulty, Delay, or Disorder: What Makes English Hard for English Language Learners?Carol Westby and Deborah A. Hwa-Froelich
10. Implications for Assessment and InstructionAlison L. Bailey
11. Extended Implications for Practice: Families as AlliesLeslie Reese and Claude Goldenberg
12. Recent Research on English Language and Literacy Instruction: What We Have Learned to Guide Practice for English Language Learners in the 21st CenturyDiane August, Claude Goldenberg, William M. Saunders, and Cheryl Dressler