Environmental Bioengineering

The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide that positive actions be taken to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution – air, water, soil, and noise. Since pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste production, the seemingly idealistic demand for “zero discharge” can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste continues to exist, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identi ed: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? This book is one of the volumes of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series. The principal intention of this series is to help readers formulate answers to the above three questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to speci c pollution problems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a “methodology of pollution control. ” However, the realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems renders it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.

The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide that positive actions be taken to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution – air, water, soil, and noise. Since pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste production, the seemingly idealistic demand for “zero discharge” can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste continues to exist, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identi ed: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? This book is one of the volumes of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series. The principal intention of this series is to help readers formulate answers to the above three questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to speci c pollution problems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental engineering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a “methodology of pollution control. ” However, the realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems renders it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.

Treatment and Disposal of Biosolids.- Ultrasound Pretreatment of Sludge for Anaerobic Digestion.- Solubilization of Sewage Sludge to Improve Anaerobic Digestion.- Applications of Composted Solid Wastes for Farmland Amendment and Nutrient Balance in Soils.- Biotreatment of Sludge and Reuse.- Kitchen Refuse Fermentation.- Heavy Metal Removal by Crops from Land Application of Sludge.- Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils and Water Using Vetiver Grass.- Bioremediation.- Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment.- Modeling of Biosorption Processes.- Heavy Metal Removal by Microbial Biosorbents.- Simultaneous Removal of Carbon and Nitrogen from Domestic Wastewater in an Aerobic RBC.- Anaerobic Treatment of Low-Strength Wastewater by a Biofilm Reactor.- Biological Phosphorus Removal Processes.- Total Treatment of Black and Grey Water for Rural Communities.- Anaerobic Treatment of Milk Processing Wastewater.- Biological Wastewater Treatment of Nutrient-Deficient Tomato-Processing and Bean-Processing Wastewater.- Animal Glue Production from Skin Wastes.- An Integrated Biotechnological Process for Fungal Biomass Protein Production and Wastewater Reclamation.- Algae Harvest Energy Conversion.- Living Machines.- Global Perspective of Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewater.