The Five Disciplines of Intelligence Collection

Mark M. Lowenthal has over thirty-nine years experience in U.S. intelligence. Dr. Lowenthal has served as the Assistant Director of Central Intelligence for Analysis and Production, Vice Chairman for Evaluation on the National Intelligence Council, staff director of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, offi ce director and as a Deputy Assistant Secretary of State in the State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR), and Senior Specialist in U.S. Foreign Policy at the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. Dr. Lowenthal has written extensively on intelligence and national security issues, including five books and over 100 articles or studies. His book Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy (6th ed., 2014) is the standard college and graduate school text on the topic. Dr. Lowenthal received his BA from Brooklyn College and his PhD in history from Harvard University. He is an adjunct professor at the Johns Hopkins University; he was an adjunct at Columbia University from 1993-2007. Currently, Dr. Lowenthal is President and CEO of the Intelligence & Security Academy, an education and consulting firm. Robert M. Clark currently is an independent consultant performing threat analyses for the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC). He is also a faculty member of the Intelligence and Security Academy and a professor of intelligence studies at the University of Maryland University College. He previously was a faculty member of the director of National Intelligence (DNI) Intelligence Community Officers' Course and course director of the DNI Introduction to the Intelligence Community course. Dr. Clark served as a U.S. Air Force electronics warfare officer and intelligence officer, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel. At the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), he was a senior analyst and group chief responsible for managing analytic methodologies. Clark holds an SB from MIT, a PhD in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois, and a JD from George Washington University. He has previously authored three books: Intelligence Analysis: A Target-Centric Approach (4th edition, 2013), The Technical Collection of Intelligence (2010), and Intelligence Collection (2014).

Leading intelligence experts Mark M. Lowenthal and Robert M. Clark bring you an all new, groundbreaking title. The Five Disciplines of Intelligence Collection describes, in non-technical terms, the definition, history, process, management, and future trends of each intelligence collection source (INT). Authoritative and non-polemical, this book is the perfect teaching tool for classes addressing various types of collection. Chapter authors are past or current senior practitioners of the INT they discuss, providing expert assessment of ways particular types of collection fit within the larger context of the U.S. Intelligence Community.

Chapter 1: Introduction Some Important Definitions ReferencesChapter 2: Open Source Intelligence - Eliot A. Jardines Defining Open Source Intelligence History of OSINT How OSINT Is Managed Who Produces OSINT? International OSINT Private Sector OSINT Types of Targets OSINT Works Best Against Future Trends in OSINT References Chapter 3: HUMINT - Michael Althoff What It Is History How HUMINT is Managed Foreign Collectors of HUMINT Best Targets Future Trends References Chapter 4: Signals Intelligence: Continuing Evolution - William N. Nolte SIGINT: The Cryptologic Base From Morse Code to the First World War The First World War The Continued Evolution of SIGINT: The Interwar Years The Evolution of SIGINT: The Second World War SIGINT in the Cold War SIGINT: An Assessment The Information Revolutions and SIGINT: Computers, the Internet, and Cyber References Chapter 5: GEOINT - Darryl Murdock and Robert M. Clark GEOINT Defined A History of GEOINT GEOINT's Main Attributes or Components How GEOINT is Managed International GEOINT The Types of Intelligence Targets Against Which it Works Best References Chapter 6: MASINT - John L. Morris and Robert M. Clark Introduction MASINT Defined A History of MASINT MASINT's Main Sub-elements or Components How MASINT is Managed International MASINT The Types of Intelligence Targets Against Which MASINT Works Best References Chapter 7: Managing Collection References