Transgender

Aaron Devor, the world's only chair in transgender studies, has been studying transgender for more than thirty years.Ardel Haefele-Thomas received their PhD from Stanford University, where they studied the intersections of race, gender identity, sexual orientation, and socio-economics within 19th-century British literature and history.

This book provides a crucial resource for readers who are investigating trans issues. It takes a diverse and historic approach, focusing on more than one idea or one experience of trans identity or trans history.Transgender: A Reference Handbook is a go-to resource about the transgender experience. The book takes contemporary as well as historic aspects into consideration. It looks at ancient indigenous cultures that honored third, fourth, and fifth gender identities as well as more contemporary ideas of what "transgender" means. Notably, it focuses not only on Western medical ideas of gender affirmation but on cultural diversity surrounding the topic.This book will primarily serve as a reference guide and jumping off point for further research for those seeking information about what it means to be transgender. While a reference book, it contains original work that may be cited in addition to the encyclopedia itself. In particular, the perspectives section of the book includes writings from some of the world's foremost trans writers, activists, artists, and historians.

Provides resources for further study, including profiles, data and documents, and a chronology of transgender history

Preface1 Background and HistoryIntroductionTerminologySexGenderOther TermsFrom the Ancients to the 1700s-Recognition of Gender DiversityGender Diversity and the Imposition of Eurocentric Laws and ReligionProblems with Western Terminology: Case in Point, the Hijras of IndiaDe-Colonial Recovery ProjectsGender Diversity in Spiritual and Religious PracticesAncient EgyptIndia and NepalAncient JudaismNineteenth- and Twentieth-Century SexologyThe 1890s to the 1940s: Popular CultureThe 1950s: Underground Trans CultureDevelopments from the 1950s to the 1970sAnti-Masquerading Laws and Police ViolenceMay 1959: Cooper's Do-Nuts-Los AngelesApril 1965: Dewey's Famous-PhiladelphiaAugust 1966: Compton's Cafeteria-San FranciscoJune 1969: Stonewall Inn-New YorkThe 1970sTransphobia in the LGBTQ2+ CommunityTrans in Popular CultureResearch and Community-Building in the 1970s and 1980sThe 1980s: AIDS and the Trans CommunityThe 1990s: The Power of Internet AccessThe Twenty-First Century: Global Changes2000 to 20102011 to 2018References2 Problems, Controversies, and SolutionsIntroductionTransgender TerminologyIs Gender Identity the Same as Sexual Orientation?Is Trans a Disease or a Natural Variation?Trans as an Innate ConditionTreatment IssuesInformed ConsentGender Transitions for Children and YouthFertility and ReproductionIndividualized Treatment PathwaysTrans, Non-Binary, and Two-Spirit Inclusion in Health CareThe Need for Trans-Inclusive Clinics and Hospitals: The Case of Robert Eads (1945-1999)Educational Access for Trans, Non-Binary, and Two-Spirit StudentsK-12 in the United StatesVocational School, College, and University SettingsTitle IX and AccessibilityPossible Solutions for Full Accessibility in School SettingsSports Rules and Access for Trans, Non-Binary, and Two-Spirit PeopleRenée Richards and the United States Tennis AssociationCaster Semenya and the Problems with Binary Sex DesignationsLGBT International Powerlifting Championships and MX CategoryPeople in InstitutionsLegal IssuesTrans Rights Are Human RightsLegal Name and Gender Identity ChangesMarriage and Family RightsLaw Enforcement and CorrectionsThe Middle East, Iran, and IsraelReferences3 PerspectivesIntroductionSixty Years of Transgender Culture and Care in the Netherlands by Alex BakkerThe Tortuous Path to Creative Liberation by Jo CliffordAn Accidental Activist by Dallas DennyTransgender and Jewish by Joy LadinParental Research and Advocacy in Canada: One Mother's Journey by Kimberley Ens ManningTransgender Care Program at Quest Community Health Centre by Carys MassarellaTwo-Spirit Conversations and Work: Subtle and at the Same Time Radically Different by Harlan Pruden(In)visible Transgender Bodies: A View from Tamil Nadu, India by Shabeena Francis SaveriPressing for Change: The Foundation Stone of a Gender-Queer Europe by Stephen WhittleA Trans Youth at Catholic School by Tru WilsonWHO, the ICD, and the Young Children by Sam WinterBirth, Death, and Things in Between: Challenges of Aging for Gender Non-Conforming Persons by Tarynn M. Witten4 ProfilesIntroductionHistorical Researchers in SexologyRichard von Krafft-EbingMagnus HirschfeldHarry BenjaminImportant Historical Gender-Diverse IndividualsPharaoh HatshepsutElagabalusJeanne d'ArcCatalina/Don Antonio de ErausoChevalier/Chevalière d'ÉonWe'WhaJames Miranda BarryFrances ThompsonMichael DillonRoberta CowellChristine JorgensenReed EricksonVirginia PrinceDoctors and Medical Facilities Focusing on Gender Affirmation ProceduresStanley H. Biber and Marci BowersPreecha TiewtranonSava PerovicChristine McGinnCallen-LordeCatherine White Holman Wellness CentreNative Youth Sexual Health NetworkSherbourne ClinicTangerine Community Health CenterTom Waddell Urban Health ClinicActivistsLeslie FeinbergGeorgina BeyerLouis Graydon SullivanLydia FoyMauro Cabral GrinspanMichelle Suárez BértoraJamison GreenRupert RajJin XingAttorneys and JudgesKylar William BroadusDean SpadeShannon Price MinterPhyllis Randolph FryeKael McKenzieJoyita MondalCelebritiesChaz BonoLaverne CoxLana and Lilly WachowskiJamie ClaytonIan AlexanderArtistsRobin HammondMarilyn RoxieZackary Drucker and Rhys ErnstYishay GarbaszSean Dorsey and Shawna ViragoOral History ProjectsLGBTQ History Digital CollaboratoryTransgender Oral History ProjectTo Survive on This ShoreAdvocacy and Professional OrganizationsChair in Transgender StudiesTransgender EuropeWorld Professional Association for Transgender HealthGender Odyssey and Philadelphia Trans Wellness ConferencesNational Center for Transgender Equality (NCTE)Trans and Intersex Organizing in AfricaGender DynamiXTransgender Intersex AfricaSexual Minorities UgandaReferences5 Data and DocumentsIntroductionDataDemographicsTable 5.1. Number of Adults Identifying as Transgender in the United States (2016)Results of the U.S. National Transgender Survey (2015)Figure 5.1. Gender Identities of Survey Respondents, by AgeFigure 5.2. Sexual Orientations of Survey RespondentsTable 5.2. School Experience in Grades K-12Table 5.3. Reports of Being Physically AttackedFigure 5.3. Reports of Being Sexually AssaultedFigure 5.4. Unemployment and PovertyFigure 5.5. Involvement in Sex WorkTable 5.4. Use of Public AccommodationsFigure 5.6. Restroom ExperiencesTransgender Day of RemembranceTable 5.5 Total Number of Transphobic Murders 2008-2016 in Countries That Provided DataDocumentsWPATH Standards of Care (2011)WPATH Resolutions and Statements on Needed Social Changes (2010-2017)International Classification of Diseases' Gender Incongruence Diagnosis (2018)Laws and Human Rights in Europe (2018)Kavanagh v. Canada (Attorney General) (2001)Correctional Services of Canada's Interim Policy Bulletin 584: Bill C-16 (Gender Identity or Expression) (December 27, 2017)Transgender People in the Military (2016-2017)6 ResourcesIntroductionBooksJournalsArt, Film, Media, and TelevisionWebsitesOrganizations and Outreach7 ChronologyGlossaryIndexAbout the Authors