Demons of Change

Antagonistic imagery has a striking presence in apocalyptic writings of Second Temple Judaism and early Christianity. In these visionary accounts, the role of the divine warrior fighting against demonic forces is often taken by a human adept, who becomes exalted and glorified as a result of his encounter with otherworldly antagonists, serving as a prerequisite for his final apotheosis.Demons of Change examines the meaning of these interactions for the transformations of the hero and antihero of early Jewish and Christian apocalyptic accounts. Andrei A. Orlov traces the roots of this trope to ancient Near Eastern traditions, paying special attention to the significance of conflict in the adept's ascent and apotheosis and to the formative value of these developments for Jewish and Christian martyrological accounts. This antagonistic tension plays a critical role both for the exaltation of the protagonist and for the demotion of his opponent. Orlov treats the motif of the hero's apotheosis in the midst of conflict in its full historical and interpretive complexity using a broad variety of Jewish sources, from the creational narratives of the Hebrew Bible to later Jewish mystical testimonies.

Preface
Abbreviations

Introduction

1. Between God and Satan: Inauguration into the Divine Image in Early Jewish and Christian Accounts

2. Furnace that Kills and Furnace that Gives Life: Fiery Trials and Martyrdom in theApocalypse of Abraham

3. Leviathan's Knot: The High Priest's Sash as a Cosmological Symbol

4. Apocalyptic Scapegoat Traditions in the Book of Revelation

5. Azazel's Will: Internalization of Evil in theApocalypse of Abraham

6. Glorification through Fear in2 Enoch

Conclusion

Notes
Bibliography
Index