The Holocaust and Masculinities

In recent decades, scholarship has turned to the role of gender in the Holocaust, but rarely has it critically investigated the experiences of men as gendered beings. Beyond the clear observation that most perpetrators of murder were male, men were also victims, survivors, bystanders, beneficiaries, accomplices, and enablers; they negotiated roles as fathers, spouses, community leaders, prisoners, soldiers, professionals, authority figures, resistors, chroniclers, or ideologues. This volume examines men's experiences during the Holocaust. Chapters first focus on the years of genocide: Jewish victims of National Socialism, Nazi soldiers, Catholic priests enlisted in the Wehrmacht, Jewish doctors in the ghettos, men from the Sonderkommando in Auschwitz, and Muselmänner in the camps. The book then moves to the postwar context: German Protestant theologians, Jewish refugees, non-Jewish Austrian men, and Jewish masculinities in the United States. The contributors articulate the male experience in the Holocaust as something obvious (the everywhere of masculinities) and yet invisible (the nowhere of masculinities), lending a new perspective on one of modernity's most infamous chapters.

Acknowledgments

Introduction
Björn Krondorfer and Ovidiu Creangă

Part I: Genocide

1. Hiding in Plain View: Bringing Critical Men's Studies and Holocaust Studies into Conversation
Björn Krondorfer

2. Masculinity and Death: De- and Resexualization in Nazi Concentration Camps
Robert Sommer

3. The Experiences and Behavior of Male Holocaust Victims at Auschwitz
Lisa Pine

4. "Higher Reasons for Sending People to Death?" Male Narrativity and Moral Dilemmas in Memoirs and Diaries of Jewish Doctors
Monika Rice

5.Muselmänner in Nazi Concentration Camps: Thinking Masculinity at the Extremes
Michael Becker and Dennis Bock

6. Tests of Manhood: Alcohol, Sexual Violence, and Killing in the Holocaust
Edward B. Westermann

7. Catholic Seminarians andVernichtungskrieg: How Nationalism, Religion, and Masculinity Mattered
Lauren Faulkner Rossi

Part II: Aftermath

8. Contested Manhood: Autobiographical Reflections of German Protestant Theologians after World War II
Benedikt Brunner

9. Post-Holocaust Conceptualizations of Masculinity in Austria
Carson Phillips

10. Multiple Masculinities among German Jewish Refugees: A Transnational Comparison between Canada and Palestine/Israel
Patrick Farges

11. Redemptive Masculinity: American Images of Jewish Men from the Holocaust to the Six-Day War
Sarah Imhoff

Epilogue: The Holocaust and Masculinities
Thomas Kühne

Contributors
Author Index
Subject Index