Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Despite the growing interest in the role of psychological trauma in the genesis of psychiatric disorders, few volumes have addressed these issues from a multidisciplinary and international perspective. Given the complexity of reslience and posttraumatic disorder, and given ongoing trauma and violence in many parts of the world, it is crucial to apply such perspectives to review existing knowledge in the field and provide directions for future research. This book has a broad scope. A key focus is PTSD, because of its clinical and health importance, its obvious link with trauma, and its interest for many clinicians and researchers. However, the book also examines resilience and a range of mental health consequences of trauma, because it has become increasingly clear that not all individuals react to trauma in the same way. It is important for mental health professionals to be aware of the broad range of potential responses to trauma, as well as of relevant evidence-based treatments. The book includes chapters that address a wide range of topics on trauma-related disorders, including nosology and classification, epidemiology, neurobiology, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. Each chapter comprises a critical review of the existing literature, aimed at being useful for the practitioner. This is followed by selected commentaries from other authorities on the topic, representing diverse geographical locations and points of view, who refine some of the perspectives offered in the review, provide alternative views, or suggest important areas of future work.

Despite the growing interest in the role of psychological trauma inthe genesis of psychiatric disorders, few volumes have addressedthese issues from a multidisciplinary and internationalperspective. Given the complexity of reslience and posttraumaticdisorder, and given ongoing trauma and violence in many parts ofthe world, it is crucial to apply such perspectives to reviewexisting knowledge in the field and provide directions for futureresearch.This book has a broad scope. A key focus is PTSD, because of itsclinical and health importance, its obvious link with trauma, andits interest for many clinicians and researchers. However, the bookalso examines resilience and a range of mental health consequencesof trauma, because it has become increasingly clear that not allindividuals react to trauma in the same way. It is important formental health professionals to be aware of the broad range ofpotential responses to trauma, as well as of relevantevidence-based treatments.The book includes chapters that address a wide range of topicson trauma-related disorders, including nosology and classificationepidemiology, neurobiology, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy.Each chapter comprises a critical review of the existingliterature, aimed at being useful for the practitioner. This isfollowed by selected commentaries from other authorities on thetopic, representing diverse geographical locations and points ofview, who refine some of the perspectives offered in the reviewprovide alternative views, or suggest important areas of futurework.

Preface xiList of Contributors xv1 PTSD and Related Disorders 1Matthew J. FriedmanCommentaries1.1 Walking the Line in Defining PTSD: Comprehensiveness VersusCore Features 35Chris R. Brewin1.2 Trauma-Related Disorders in the Clinical and Legal Settings38Elie G. Karam1.3 Redefining PTSD in DSM-5: Conundrums and PotentiallyUnintended Risks 42Alexander C. McFarlane2 Epidemiology of PTSD 49Carlos BlancoCommentaries2.1 Challenges and Future Horizons in Epidemiological Researchinto PTSD 75Abdulrahman M. El-Sayed and Sandro Galea2.2 Preventing Mental Ill-Health Following Trauma 79Helen Herrman2.3 PTSD Epidemiology with Particular Reference to Gender82Marianne Kastrup3 Neurobiology of PTSD 89Arieh Y. Shalev, Asaf Gilboa and Ann M. RasmussonCommentaries3.1 Translational Theory-Driven Hypotheses and Testing AreEnhancing Our Understanding of PTSD and its Treatment 139Brian H. Harvey3.2 Precipitating and design approaches to PTSD 142Eric Vermetten4 Pharmacotherapy of PTSD 149Dan J. Stein and Jonathan C. IpserCommentaries4.1 Critical View of the Pharmacological Treatment of Trauma163Marcelo F. Mello4.2 Shortcomings and Future Directions of the Pharmacotherapy ofPTSD 164Michael Van Ameringen and Beth Patterson4.3 Dire Need for New PTSD Pharmacotherapeutics 167Murray B. Stein5 Psychological Interventions for Trauma Exposure and PTSD171Richard A. BryantCommentaries5.1 Psychological Interventions for PTSD in Children 203Lucy Berliner5.2 Challenges in the Dissemination and Implementation ofExposure-Based CBT for the Treatment of Hispanics with PTSD205Rafael Kichic, Mildred Vera, and Maria L.Reyes-Rabanillo5.3 What Else Do We Need to Know about Evidence-BasedPsychological Interventions for PTSD? 208Karina Lovell5.4 Another Perspective on Exposure Therapy for PTSD 211Barbara Olasov Rothbaum6 (Disaster) Public Mental Health 217Joop de JongCommentaries6.1 An Excellent Model for Low- and Middle-Income Countries263Dean Ajdukovic6.2 Disaster Mental Health and Public Health: An IntegrativeApproach to Recovery 266Suresh Bada Math, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar and MariaChristine Nirmala6.3 Transcultural Aspects of Response to Disasters 272Tarek A. Okasha6.4 Disaster Public Health: Health Needs, Psychological FirstAid and Cultural Awareness 275Robert J. Ursano, Matthew N. Goldenberg, Derrick Hamaoka andDavid M. BenedekIndex 281