Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals

John F. Prescott is University Professor Emeritus at the University of Guelph, in Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
 
Janet I. MacInnes is Professor Emerita at the University of Guelph in Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
 
Filip Van Immerseel is Professor at Ghent University in Merelbeke, Belgium.
 
John D. Boyce is Associate Professor at Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, in Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
 
Andrew N. Rycroft is Professor at the Royal Veterinary College, in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
 
José A. Vázquez-Boland is Professor at the University of Edinburgh in Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

PATHOGENESIS OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN ANIMALS
 
Comprehensive review of the major bacterial pathogens of animals, focusing on the current understanding of how they cause disease
 
Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals, Fifth Edition is a specialist reference that provides a comprehensive review of bacterial pathogens in animals and their complex interplay with disease processes, offering a complete understanding of how bacteria cause disease in animals. It covers the many recent advances in the field including the newest taxonomies. In this revised and long anticipated fifth edition, additional introductory chapters have been added to set the material in context, and more figures added to integrate and improve understanding and comprehension throughout the text. A companion website presents the figures from the book in PowerPoint and references.
 
This detailed reference includes novel approaches to controlling bacterial pathogens in the light of growing concerns about antimicrobial resistance, with more than 70 expert authors sharing their wisdom on the topic. While molecular pathogenesis is a major aspect in almost every chapter, the authors have been careful to place pathogens in their broader context.
 
Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals, Fifth Edition also contains information on:
* Themes in bacterial pathogenesis, covering the basic elements of pathogenesis, concepts of virulence, host-pathogen interactions and communication, and pathogenesis in the post-genomic era
* Evolution of bacterial pathogens, covering what they are and how they emerge, along with sources of genetic diversity, population structure, and genome plasticity
* Understanding of pathogenesis through pathogenomics and bioinformatics, including how mutations generate pathogen diversity, and an overview of genome sequencing technologies
* Subversion of the immune response by bacterial pathogens, covering subversion of both innate responses and adaptive immunity
 
Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals, Fifth Edition is an essential resource for graduate students in veterinary medicine and animal science, and for veterinary microbiologists, pathologists, infectious disease experts, and others interested in bacterial disease. It is the only book to cover this topic to this depth through the wealth of insight of dozens of qualified and practicing professionals.

Preface xv
 
List of Contributors xvii
 
About the Companion Website xxv
 
1 Themes in Bacterial Pathogenesis 1
John F. Prescott
 
Introduction 1
 
The Basic Elements of Bacterial Pathogenesis 1
 
Concepts of Bacterial Virulence are Being Refined 5
 
Host-Pathogen Communications are Critical 9
 
Pathogenesis in the Post-Genomic Era 11
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 13
 
References 13
 
2 Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens 15
Patrick Boerlin
 
What are Pathogens and How Do They Emerge? 15
 
Bacterial Fitness and Virulence 17
 
Sources of Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Genome Plasticity 18
 
Pathogenicity Islands 20
 
Bacteriophages and Their Role in Pathogen Evolution and Virulence 22
 
Examples of Virulence Evolution 23
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 27
 
References 28
 
3 Understanding Pathogenesis Through Pathogenomics and Bioinformatics 32
Gregorio Iraola and John D. Boyce
 
Introduction 32
 
How Mutations Generate Bacterial Diversity 34
 
Genome Sequencing Technologies 36
 
Genome Assembly 38
 
Gene Prediction and Annotation 39
 
Defining Prokaryotic Species from Genomes 41
 
The Pangenome Concept, Reconstruction, and Comparative Analyses 41
 
Phylogenomics and Genome-Wide Association Studies 42
 
Functional Genomics for Understanding Host-Pathogen Interactions 44
 
Reverse Vaccinology 48
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 51
 
References 52
 
4 Experimental Approaches to Understanding Pathogenesis 57
Francesca L. Short and Janet I. MacInnes
 
Introduction 57
 
Testing Koch's Postulates 57
 
Virulence Factors and Main Steps in Pathogenesis 58
 
Molecular Koch's Postulates 60
 
Refining Animal Usage 60
 
Experimental Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery and Validation 62
 
Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery 63
 
Gene Disruption Approaches for Virulence Factor Discovery 71
 
Bringing It All Together: Validation and Further Characterization of Virulence Factors 73
 
Two Stories of Virulence Factor Discovery and Characterization: Pasteurella multocida Capsule, and Mycoplasma bovis Adhesins 74
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 75
 
References 76
 
5 Subversion of the Immune Response by Bacterial Pathogens 79
Douglas C. Hodgins, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, and Patricia E. Shewen
 
Introduction 79
 
Subversion of Innate Responses 80
 
Subversion of Adaptive Immunity 85
 
Manipulation of Cell Fate 88
 
Non-Coding RNA and Host-Pathogen Interactions 91
 
Epigenetic and Genetic Modulation 92
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 94
 
References 94
 
6 Chinks in the Armor 99
Allison C. Leonard, Celine Stoica, and Georgina Cox
 
Introduction 99
 
Virulence Factors: Pathogenesis-Based Targets to Combat Bacterial Pathogens 99
 
Targeting Bacterial Host Cell Adhesion and Biofilm Formation 100
 
Quorum Sensing Inhibition 104
 
Interfering with Two-Component Regulatory Systems 105
 
Inhibiting Bacterial Motility 106
 
Toxin Neutralization 107
 
Inhibitors of Bacterial Secretion Systems 107
 
Targeting Nutrient Acquisition: Starving the Pathogen 110
 
Antivirulence Phage Therapy 111
 
Bacterial Drug Efflux Pumps as Pathogenesis-Based Antibacterial Targets 112
 
Gaps in Knowledge and Anticipated Directions 112