Circularly Polarized Antennas

This book presents a comprehensive insight into the design techniques for different types of CP antenna elements and arrays In this book, the authors address a broad range of topics on circularly polarized (CP) antennas. Firstly, it introduces to the reader basic principles, design techniques and characteristics of various types of CP antennas, such as CP patch antennas, CP helix antennas, quadrifilar helix antennas (QHA), printed quadrifilar helix antennas (PQHA), spiral antenna, CP slot antennas, CP dielectric resonator antennas, loop antennas, crossed dipoles, monopoles and CP horns. Advanced designs such as small-size CP antennas, broadband, wideband and ultra-wideband CP antennas are also discussed, as well as multi-band CP antennas and dual CP antennas. The design and analysis of different types of CP array antennas such as broadband CP patch arrays, dual-band CP arrays, CP printed slot arrays, single-band and multi-band CP reflectarrays, high-gain CP waveguide slot antennas, CP dielectric resonator antenna arrays, CP active arrays, millimetre-waveband CP arrays in LTCC, and CP arrays with electronically beam-switching or beam-steering capabilities are described in detail. Case studies are provided to illustrate the design and implementation of CP antennas in practical scenarios such as dual-band Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers, satellite communication mobile terminals at the S-band, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) readers at 2.4 GHz, and Ka-band high-speed satellite communication applications. It also includes the detailed designs for a wideband Logarithmic spiral antenna that can operate from 3.4-7.7 GHz. In addition, the book offers a detailed review of the recent developments of different types of CP antennas and arrays. Presents comprehensive discussions of design techniques for different types of CP antennas: small-size CP antennas, broadband CP antennas, multi-band CP antennas and CP arrays. Covers a wide range of antenna technologies such as microstrip antennas, helix, quadrifilar helix antenna, printed quadrifilar helix antenna, dielectric resonator antennas, printed slots, spiral antennas, monopoles, waveguide slot arrays, reflectarrays, active arrays, millimetre-wave arrays in LTCC, electronically beam-switching arrays and electronically beam-steerable arrays. Reviews recent developments in different types of CP antennas and arrays, reported by industries, researchers and academics worldwide. Includes numerous case studies to demonstrate how to design and implement different CP antennas in practical scenarios. Provides both an introduction for students in the field and an in-depth reference for antenna/RF engineers who work on the development of CP antennas. Circularly Polarized Antennas will be an invaluable guide for researchers in R&D organizations; system engineers (antenna, telecom, space and satellite); postgraduates studying the subjects of antenna and propagation, electromagnetics, RF/microwave/millimetre-wave systems, satellite communications and so on; technical managers and professionals in the areas of antennas and propagation.

This book presents a comprehensive insight into the design techniques for different types of CP antenna elements and arraysIn this book, the authors address a broad range of topics on circularly polarized (CP) antennas. Firstly, it introduces to the reader basic principles, design techniques and characteristics of various types of CP antennas, such as CP patch antennas, CP helix antennas, quadrifilar helix antennas (QHA), printed quadrifilar helix antennas (PQHA), spiral antenna, CP slot antennas, CP dielectric resonator antennas, loop antennas, crossed dipoles, monopoles and CP horns. Advanced designs such as small-size CP antennas, broadband, wideband and ultra-wideband CP antennas are also discussed, as well as multi-band CP antennas and dual CP antennas. The design and analysis of different types of CP array antennas such as broadband CP patch arrays, dual-band CP arrays, CP printed slot arrays, single-band and multi-band CP reflectarrays, high-gain CP waveguide slot antennas, CP dielectric resonator antenna arrays, CP active arrays, millimetre-waveband CP arrays in LTCC, and CP arrays with electronically beam-switching or beam-steering capabilities are described in detail. Case studies are provided to illustrate the design and implementation of CP antennas in practical scenarios such as dual-band Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers, satellite communication mobile terminals at the S-band, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) readers at 2.4 GHz, and Ka-band high-speed satellite communication applications. It also includes the detailed designs for a wideband Logarithmic spiral antenna that can operate from 3.4-7.7 GHz. In addition, the book offers a detailed review of the recent developments of different types of CP antennas and arrays.* Presents comprehensive discussions of design techniques for different types of CP antennas: small-size CP antennas, broadband CP antennas, multi-band CP antennas and CP arrays.* Covers a wide range of antenna technologies such as microstrip antennas, helix, quadrifilar helix antenna, printed quadrifilar helix antenna, dielectric resonator antennas, printed slots, spiral antennas, monopoles, waveguide slot arrays, reflectarrays, active arrays, millimetre-wave arrays in LTCC, electronically beam-switching arrays and electronically beam-steerable arrays.* Reviews recent developments in different types of CP antennas and arrays, reported by industries, researchers and academics worldwide.* Includes numerous case studies to demonstrate how to design and implement different CP antennas in practical scenarios.* Provides both an introduction for students in the field and an in-depth reference for antenna/RF engineers who work on the development of CP antennas.Circularly Polarized Antennas will be an invaluable guide for researchers in R&D organizations; system engineers (antenna, telecom, space and satellite); postgraduates studying the subjects of antenna and propagation, electromagnetics, RF/microwave/millimetre-wave systems, satellite communications and so on; technical managers and professionals in the areas of antennas and propagation.

Preface ixAcknowledgements xiAbbreviations and Acronyms xiii1 Introduction to Circularly Polarized Antennas 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Antenna Parameters 21.3 Basic CP Antenna Types 71.4 Antenna Modelling Techniques 231.5 Typical Requirements and Challenges in CP Antenna Designs 241.6 Summary 25References 252 Small Circularly Polarized Antenna 292.1 Introduction 292.2 Basic Theory of Antenna Size Reduction 292.3 Small CP Patch Antennas 302.4 Small Helix, QHAs and PQHAs 462.5 Small CP Slot Antennas 532.6 Small CP DRAs 592.7 Other Small CP Antennas 632.8 Summary 66References 693 Broadband Circularly Polarized Antennas 733.1 Introduction 733.2 Broadband CP Microstrip Patch Antennas 733.3 Broadband Helix, QHAs and PQHAs 933.4 Spiral Antennas 1033.5 Broadband CP Slot Antennas 1063.6 Broadband CP DRAs 1163.7 Broadband CP Loop Antennas 1203.8 Other Broadband CP Antennas 1233.9 Summary 124References 1264 Multi-Band Circularly Polarized Antennas 1314.1 Introduction 1314.2 Multi-Band CP Microstrip Patch Antennas 1314.3 Multi-Band QHAs and PQHAs 1504.4 Multi-Band CP Slot Antennas 1584.5 Multi-Band CP DRAs 1714.6 Multi-Band CP Loop Antennas 1754.7 Other Multi-Band CP Antennas 1774.8 Summary 186References 1875 Circularly Polarized Arrays 1915.1 Introduction 1915.2 CP Patch Antenna Arrays 1915.3 CP Dielectric Resonator Antenna Arrays 2035.4 CP Slot Array Antenna 2105.5 CP Printed Reflectarrays 2225.6 Integrated CP Array and Active CP Array 2345.7 CP Array with Reconfigurable Beams 2435.8 Other CP Arrays 2525.9 Summary 258References 2586 Case Studies 2636.1 Introduction 2636.2 Dual-Band CP Patch Array for GNSS Reflectometry Receiver on Board Small Satellites 2636.3 Small Printed Quadrifilar Helix Antenna for Mobile Terminals in Satellite communications 2716.4 Printed Broadband CP Rectangular Bi-Loop Antenna for RFID Readers 2786.5 CP Reflectarray for Ka Band Satellite Communications 2846.6 Circularly Polarized Logarithmic Spiral Antenna with a Wideband Balun 2936.7 Summary 301References 303Index 305