Geographical Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora

This book addresses the field of geographic information extraction and retrieval from textual documents. Geographic information retrieval is a rapidly emerging subject, a trend fostered by the growing power of the Internet and the emerging possibilities of data dissemination.After positioning his work in this field in Chapter 1, the author makes proposals in the following two chapters. Chapter 2 focuses on spatial and temporal information indexing and retrieval in corpora of textual documents. Propositions for both spatial and temporal information retrieval (IR) are made. Chapter 3 tackles the use of generalized spatial and temporal indexes, which are produced from there in the framework of multi-criteria IR. Geographic IR (GIR) is discussed at length, since this IR combines the criteria of spatial, temporal and thematic research.The author provides a rich bibliographical study of the current approaches focused on the modeling and retrieval of spatial and temporal information in textual documents, and similarity measures developed thus far in the literature.The book concludes with a broad perspective of the remaining scientific challenges. Several areas of research are discussed, such as integration of a domain-based ontology, modeling of spatial footprints from the interpretation of spatial relation, and parsing of relations between features deemed relevant within a document resulting from a GIR process. Contents Foreword, Christophe Claramunt.1. Access by Geographic Content to Textual Corpora: What Orientations ?2. Spatial and Temporal Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.3. Multicriteria Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.4. General Conclusion. About the Authors Christian Sallaberry is currently Assistant Professor at the Law, Economics and Management Faculty in Pau, France. His current research interests are in the fields of geographical information retrieval (GIR) in textual corpora: spatial, temporal and thematic information recognition, analyzing, indexing and retrieval. He is interested in spatial, temporal and thematic criteria combinations within a GIR process.

This book addresses the field of geographic information extraction and retrieval from textual documents. Geographic information retrieval is a rapidly emerging subject, a trend fostered by the growing power of the Internet and the emerging possibilities of data dissemination.After positioning his work in this field in Chapter 1, the author makes proposals in the following two chapters. Chapter 2 focuses on spatial and temporal information indexing and retrieval in corpora of textual documents. Propositions for both spatial and temporal information retrieval (IR) are made. Chapter 3 tackles the use of generalized spatial and temporal indexes, which are produced from there in the framework of multi-criteria IR. Geographic IR (GIR) is discussed at length, since this IR combines the criteria of spatial, temporal and thematic research.The author provides a rich bibliographical study of the current approaches focused on the modeling and retrieval of spatial and temporal information in textual documents, and similarity measures developed thus far in the literature.The book concludes with a broad perspective of the remaining scientific challenges. Several areas of research are discussed, such as integration of a domain-based ontology, modeling of spatial footprints from the interpretation of spatial relation, and parsing of relations between features deemed relevant within a document resulting from a GIR process.ContentsForeword, Christophe Claramunt.1. Access by Geographic Content to Textual Corpora: What Orientations ?2. Spatial and Temporal Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.3. Multicriteria Information Retrieval in Textual Corpora.4. General Conclusion.About the AuthorsChristian Sallaberry is currently Assistant Professor at the Law, Economics and Management Faculty in Pau, France. His current research interests are in the fields of geographical information retrieval (GIR) in textual corpora: spatial, temporal and thematic information recognition, analyzing, indexing and retrieval. He is interested in spatial, temporal and thematic criteria combinations within a GIR process.

FOREWORD ixChristophe CLARAMUNTACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiINTRODUCTION xiiiCHAPTER 1. ACCESS BY GEOGRAPHIC CONTENT TO TEXTUAL CORPORA:WHAT ORIENTATIONS? 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Access by geographic content to textual corpora 11.2.1. Document retrieval and textual corpora 21.2.2. Textual corpora with "territorial"denotations 21.2.3. Access to textual content 61.3. Reinforcement of GIR by contributions from NLP, reasoningand multicriteria IR 71.4. Toward the construction of a multicriteria IRengine 91.4.1. Challenges, hypotheses and researchobjectives 101.4.2. Approach 111.4.3. Applications 13CHAPTER 2. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL INTEXTUAL CORPORA 172.1. Introduction 172.2. Review of challenges, hypotheses and researchobjectives 182.3. Spatial and temporal information in textual documents:literature review 192.3.1. Geographic information in text and IR 192.3.2. Named entities 192.3.3. Modeling languages 212.3.4. Reasoning 242.3.5. Linguistic processing 262.3.6. GIR: systems and similarity measure models 272.3.7. Evaluation campaigns, corpora and resources 312.3.8. Summary 342.4. Proposition for spatial and temporal information indexingand retrieval in textual corpora 352.4.1. Reminder and focus on the notion of space and time in"heritage" corpora 352.4.2. Core spatial model and core temporal model 362.4.3. Spatial and temporal relations 372.4.4. Spatial and temporal indexing process flows: PIVprototype 392.4.5. Spatial and temporal IR: PIV prototype 422.4.6. Evaluation and discussion 452.5. Summary 472.5.1. Contributions 472.5.2. Perspectives 49CHAPTER 3. MULTICRITERIA INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN TEXTUALCORPORA 533.1. Introduction 533.2. Review of challenges, hypotheses and researchobjectives 543.3. Standardization and combination of criteria: literaturereview 563.3.1. Criterion standardization 563.3.2. Combination of criteria 583.3.3. Summary and positioning of a partially compensatory GIR643.4. Proposition for indexing by tiling and multicriteria IR intextual corpora 653.4.1. Standardization by tiling 653.4.2. Spatial and temporal IR applied to tiling:PIV2 703.4.3. Multicriteria IR applied to tiling: PIV3 723.5. Evaluation and discussion 773.5.1. Evaluation framework of geographic IRSs: proposal for atest collection and an experimental protocol 783.5.2. Evaluation of the spatial and temporal IR applied totiling 793.5.3. Evaluation of the multicriteria IR applied to tiling813.6. Summary 843.6.1. Contributions 843.6.2. Perspectives 86CHAPTER 4. GENERAL CONCLUSION 874.1. Summary 874.1.1. Contributions to the access by geographic content totextual corpora 874.1.2. Spatial and temporal IR in texts 884.1.3. Multicriteria IR in texts 894.2. Perspectives 904.2.1. Intradimensional axis 924.2.2. Interdimensional axis 974.2.3. Expansion of the vocabulary for a qualitativerepresentation of the geographic dimensions 103BIBLIOGRAPHY 105INDEX 123