Wavelength Division Multiplexing

In this book, Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is approached from a strictly practical and application-oriented point of view. Based on the characteristics and constraints of modern fiber-optic components, transport systems and fibers, the text provides relevant rules of thumb and practical hints for technology selection, WDM system and link dimensioning, and also for network-related aspects such as wavelength assignment and resilience mechanisms. Actual 10/40 Gb/s WDM systems are considered, and a preview of the upcoming 100 Gb/s systems and technologies for even higher bit rates is given as well. Key features: Considers WDM from ULH backbone (big picture view) down to PON access (micro view). Includes all major telecom and datacom applications. Provides the relevant background for state-of-the-art and next-gen systems. Offers practical guidelines for system / link engineering.

In this book, Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) isapproached from a strictly practical and application-oriented pointof view. Based on the characteristics and constraints of modernfiber-optic components, transport systems and fibers, thetext provides relevant rules of thumb and practical hints fortechnology selection, WDM system and link dimensioning, and alsofor network-related aspects such as wavelength assignment andresilience mechanisms. Actual 10/40 Gb/s WDM systems areconsidered, and a preview of the upcoming 100 Gb/ssystems and technologies for even higher bit rates is given aswell.Key features:* Considers WDM from ULH backbone (big picture view) down toPON access (micro view).* Includes all major telecom and datacom applications.* Provides the relevant background for state-of-the-art andnext-gen systems.* Offers practical guidelines for system / linkengineering.

Acknowledgments xi1 Introduction to WDM 11.1 WDM Theory 11.2 History of WDM 2References 42 Optical Fiber Effects 72.1 Linear Effects 72.2 Nonlinear Fiber Effects 25References 513 Components and Subsystems 553.1 Transmitters 55Laser Diodes 633.2 Transmission Line 843.3 Receivers 1353.4 Digital Electronics 146References 1624 Nonfiber-Related Effects 1774.1 Linear Cross Talk 1774.2 Noise in Optical Transmission Systems 181Chains 187References 1935 Modulation Formats For WDM 1975.1 Basic Modulation 1975.2 Pulse Shaping 2025.3 Modulation Formats 2065.4 Coherent Intradyne Dual-Polarization QAM Detection 2315.5 Optical OFDM 2405.6 Comparison of Modulation Formats 243References 2476 System Realization 2536.1 Access Networks 253Arrays 261Transmitters 2666.2 Corporate Networks (Storage Reach Extensions) 2776.3 WDM Transport Encryption 2876.4 Metro and Regional Networks 2886.5 Long-Haul and Ultralong-Haul Systems 294Dispersion 2976.6 Future Network Configurations and Convergence 313References 3217 WDM Network Management 3277.1 Layered Network 3277.2 Management Approaches 3297.3 Basic EMS NMS and OSS Functionality 3317.4 Data Communications Network 3347.5 Management System Interfaces 3377.6 Control Plane 339References 3488 Selected Network Issues 3498.1 Overview of the Optical Transport Network 3498.2 Monitoring in WDM Systems 3568.3 Flexible WDM Networks 3758.4 Protection and Restoration 377References 3899 Standards Relevant for WDM 3959.1 ITU-T Recommendations 3959.2 Others 39610 Practical Approximations and Tips 40110.1 Conversion Between Bit Error Rate and Equivalent Q-Factor 40110.2 Properties of a PRBS Signal 40210.3 Chromatic Dispersion Values and Propagation Constants 403References 404Index 405