Medical Ethics

The second edition of Medical Ethics deals accessibly with a broad range of significant issues in bioethics, and presents the reader with the latest developments. This new edition has been greatly revised and updated, with half of the sections written specifically for this new volume. An accessible introduction for beginners, offering a combination of important established essays and new essays commissioned especially for this volume Greatly revised - half of the selections are new to this edition, including two essays on genetic enhancement and a section on gender, race and culture Includes new material on ethical theory as a grounding for understanding the ethical dimensions of medicine and healthcare Now includes a short story on organ allocation, providing a vivid approach to the issue for readers Provides students with the tools to write their own case study essays An original section on health provides a theoretical context for the succeeding essays Presents a carefully selected set of readings designed to progressively move the reader to competency in subject comprehension and essay writing

The second edition of Medical Ethics deals accessibly with a broad range of significant issues in bioethics, and presents the reader with the latest developments. This new edition has been greatly revised and updated, with half of the sections written specifically for this new volume.* An accessible introduction for beginners, offering a combination of important established essays and new essays commissioned especially for this volume* Greatly revised - half of the selections are new to this edition, including two essays on genetic enhancement and a section on gender, race and culture* Includes new material on ethical theory as a grounding for understanding the ethical dimensions of medicine and healthcare* Now includes a short story on organ allocation, providing a vivid approach to the issue for readers* Provides students with the tools to write their own case study essays* An original section on health provides a theoretical context for the succeeding essays* Presents a carefully selected set of readings designed to progressively move the reader to competency in subject comprehension and essay writing

Notes on Contributors xPreface to the Second Edition xiiiSource Credits xv1 Ethical Reasoning 1Michael Boylan2 Health: The Aim of Medicine 12Ethics, Infertility, and Public Health: Balancing Public Good and Private Choice 13Rosemarie TongToo Old for the Good of Health? 30Anita SilversHealth as Self-Fulfillment 44Michael BoylanEvaluating a Case Study: Developing a Practical Ethical Viewpoint 583 Physician, Nurse, and Patient: The Practice of Medicine 65A. Paternalism and Autonomy 72Medical Paternalism and Patient Autonomy 72John-Stewart GordonRational Non-Interventional Paternalism: Why Doctors Ought to Make Judgments of What Is Best for Their Patients 83Julian SavulescuB. Privacy and Confidentiality 90Medical Privacy in the Age of Genomics 90David KoepsellEthical Issues Experienced by HIV-Infected African-American Women 98Katharine V. Smith and Jan RussellC. Informed Consent 104Should Informed Consent Be Based on Rational Beliefs? 104Julian Savulescu and Richard W. MomeyerCultural Diversity and Informed Consent 115Ellen Agard, Daniel Finkelstein, and Edward WallachD. Gender, Culture, and Race 120On Treatment of Myopia: Feminist Standpoint Theory and Bioethics 120Mary B. MahowaldCulture and Medical Intervention 131Michael BoylanHealthcare Disparity and Changing the Complexion of Orthopedic Surgeons 146Richard E. Grant and Michael BoylanEvaluating a Case Study: Finding the Conflicts 1574 Issues of Life and Death 164A. Euthanasia 167Killing and Allowing to Die 167Daniel CallahanEuthanasia in The Netherlands: Justifiable Euthanasia 171Pieter V. AdmiraalWhy Doctors Must Not Kill 179Leon R. KassB. Abortion 184An Almost Absolute Value in History 184John T. Noonan Jr.A Defense of Abortion 190Judith Jarvis ThomsonThe Abortion Debate in the Twenty-First Century 203Michael BoylanEvaluating a Case Study: Assessing Embedded Levels 2185 Genetic Enhancement 225Ethical Issues in Human Enhancement 226Nick Bostrom and Rebecca RoacheLimitations on Scientific Research 251Michael BoylanEvaluating a Case Study: Applying Ethical Issues 2656 Healthcare Policy 271A. The Right to Healthcare 275There Is No "Right" to Healthcare 275John David LewisThe Moral Right to Healthcare: Part Two 283Michael BoylanB. The Organ Allocation Problem 298A Review of Ethical Issues in Transplantation 298Rosamond RhodesFault and the Allocation of Spare Organs 305Brian SmartApplicants 313Felicia Niume AckermanC. International Public Health Policy and Ethics 324Toward Control of Infectious Disease: Ethical Challenges for a Global Effort 324Margaret P. Battin, Charles B. Smith, Leslie P. Francis, and Jay A. JacobsonShaping Ethical Guidelines for an Influenza Pandemic 345Rosemarie TongTB Matters More 360Michael J. Selgelid, Paul M. Kelly, and Adrian SleighEvaluating a Case Study: Structuring the Essay 373Further Reading 379