A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic

A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic offers a diversity of perspectives to explore how differing approaches and methodologies can contribute to a greater understanding of the formation of the Roman Republic. Brings together the experiences and ideas of archaeologists from around the world, with multiple backgrounds and areas of interest Offers a vibrant exploration of the ways in which archaeological methods can be used to explore different elements of the Roman Republican period Demonstrates that the Republic was not formed in a vacuum, but was influenced by non-Latin-speaking cultures from throughout the Mediterranean region Enables archaeological thinking in this area to be made accessible both to a more general audience and as a valuable addition to existing discourse Investigates the archaeology of the Roman Republican period with reference to material culture, landscape, technology, identity and empire

A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republicoffers a diversity of perspectives to explore how differingapproaches and methodologies can contribute to a greaterunderstanding of the formation of the Roman Republic.* Brings together the experiences and ideas of archaeologistsfrom around the world, with multiple backgrounds and areas ofinterest* Offers a vibrant exploration of the ways in whicharchaeological methods can be used to explore different elements ofthe Roman Republican period* Demonstrates that the Republic was not formed in a vacuum, butwas influenced by non-Latin-speaking cultures from throughout theMediterranean region* Enables archaeological thinking in this area to be madeaccessible both to a more general audience and as a valuableaddition to existing discourse* Investigates the archaeology of the Roman Republican periodwith reference to material culture, landscape, technology, identityand empire

List of Illustrations ixNotes on Contributors xivAbbreviations xxiPreface xxiiIntroduction 1Jane DeRose EvansPART I Material Culture and Its Impact on Social Configuration 131 Development of Baths and Public Bathing during the Roman Republic 15Fikret K. Yegül2 Public Entertainment Structures 33Mantha Zarmakoupi3 Republican Houses 50Shelley Hales4 Tombs and Funerary Monuments 67Sylvia Diebner5 Before Sigillata: Black-Gloss Pottery and Its Cultural Dimensions 81Roman Roth6 Amphoras and Shipwrecks: Wine from the Tyrrhenian Coast at the End of the Republic and Its Distribution in Gaul 97Fanette Laubenheimer7 Coins and the Archaeology of the Roman Republic 110Jane DeRose Evans8 Weapons and the Army 123Andrew L. Goldman9 Bodies of Evidence: Skeletal Analysis in Roman Greece and Cyprus 141Susan Kirkpatrick Smith10 Population and Demographic Studies 155Elio Lo CascioPART II Archaeology and the Landscape 16711 Looking at Early Rome with Fresh Eyes: Transforming the Landscape 169Albert J. Ammerman12 Survey, Settlement and Land Use in Republican Italy 181Helena Fracchia13 Agriculture and the Environment of Republican Italy 198Helen Goodchild14 No Holiday Camp: The Roman Republican Army Camp as a Fine-Tuned Instrument of War 214Michael Dobson15 Reconstructing Religious Ritual in Italy 235Alison B. GriffithPART III Archaeology and Ancient Technology 25116 The Orientation of Towns and Centuriation 253David Gilman Romano17 Scientia in Republican Era Stone and Concrete Masonry 268Marie D. Jackson and Cynthia K. Kosso18 Aqueducts and Water Supply 285A. Trevor Hodge19 Roads and Bridges 296Ray Laurence20 Villas and Agriculture in Republican Italy 309Jeffrey A. Becker21 Ports 323Steven L. TuckPART IV The Archaeology of Identity 33522 Material Culture, Italic Identities and the Romanization of Italy 337Tesse D. Stek23 The Importance of Being Elite: The Archaeology of Identity in Etruria (500-200) 354P. Gregory Warden24 Greeks, Lucanians and Romans at Poseidonia/Paestum (South Italy) 369Maurizio Gualtieri25 Central Apennine Italy: The Case of Samnium 387Marlene Suano and Rafael Scopacasa26 Early Rome and the Making of "Roman" Identity through Architecture and City Planning 406Ingrid Edlund-BerryPART V The Archaeology of Empire during the Republic 42727 Material Culture and Identity in the Late Roman Republic (c. 200-c. 20) 429Miguel John Versluys28 The Archaeology of Mid-Republican Rome: The Emergence of a Mediterranean Capital 441Penelope J.E. Davies29 The Late Republican City of Rome 459Jane DeRose Evans30 Cosa 472Stephen L. Dyson31 Becoming Roman Overseas? Sicily and Sardinia in the Later Roman Republic 485R.J.A. Wilson32 The Archaeology of Africa in the Roman Republic 505David L. Stone33 Hispania: From the Roman Republic to the Reign of Augustus 522Isabel Rodá34 The Archaeology of Palestine in the Republican Period 540J. Andrew Overman35 Greece and the Roman Republic: Athens and Corinth from the Late Third Century to the Augustan Era 559Michael C. HoffPART VI Republican Archaeology and the Twenty-First Century 57936 Computer Technologies and Republican Archaeology at Pompeii 581Michael Anderson37 Archaeology and Acquisition: The Experience of Republican Rome 598Margaret M. MilesReferences 611Index 711