Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease

Trends indicate that the metabolic syndrome will become the leading risk factor for heart disease. Now more than ever you need an all-in-one reference that provides the tools and practical advice you need to: Identify at-risk patients Explain individual contributing factors Aid in patient education and motivation Direct comprehensive care and Choose the most appropriate interventions Comprehensively revised to reflect leading-edge research and now organized to facilitate easy access to essential information and clinically-relevant guidance, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease, 2e offers this and more. Not only will you receive a solid understanding of the pathophysiology underlying the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease but also the rationale for today s most effective treatments. What s new? Filled with timely new content, this updated edition covers: New discoveries that have changed our understanding of the pathogenesis and interrelationship of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CHD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) The relevance of mitochondria and telomeres Sleep and its impact on cardiometabolic health The pivotal interplay between insulin and forkhead transcriptionfactors Calorie restriction research Bariatric surgery experiences and outcomes In addition, each chapter includes essential information on comorbidities, interventions, and pharmacotherapeutic options an exclusive feature found only in the second edition!

Trends indicate that the metabolic syndrome will become the leading risk factor for heart disease. Now more than ever you need an all-in-one reference that provides the tools and practical advice you need to: Identify at-risk patients Explain individual contributing factors Aid in patient education and motivation Direct comprehensive care and Choose the most appropriate interventions Comprehensively revised to reflect leading-edge research and now organized to facilitate easy access to essential information and clinically-relevant guidance, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease, 2e offers this and more. Not only will you receive a solid understanding of the pathophysiology underlying the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease but also the rationale for today s most effective treatments. What s new? Filled with timely new content, this updated edition covers: New discoveries that have changed our understanding of the pathogenesis and interrelationship of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CHD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) The relevance of mitochondria and telomeres Sleep and its impact on cardiometabolic health The pivotal interplay between insulin and forkhead transcriptionfactors Calorie restriction research Bariatric surgery experiences and outcomes In addition, each chapter includes essential information on comorbidities, interventions, and pharmacotherapeutic options an exclusive feature found only in the second edition!

1;Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease;51.1;Contents;71.2;Preface;101.3;List of Abbreviations;111.4;1 The Metabolic Syndrome: A Relevant Concept?;171.5;2 Mitochondria;191.5.1;Background;191.5.1.1;Derivation;191.5.1.2;Implications of life with mitochondria;191.5.1.3;Structure;191.5.1.4;Number;211.5.1.5;Location;211.5.1.6;Dynamics;211.5.1.7;Function;211.5.1.8;Mitochondrial-cell communications;221.5.2;Cellular respiration;221.5.2.1;Metabolic phenotype;231.5.2.2;Respiration of glucose;231.5.2.3;Respiration of fatty acids;231.5.2.4;The tricarboxylic acid cycle;231.5.2.5;The electron transport chain;241.5.2.6;The mitochondrial membrane potential;241.5.3;Modulation of mitochondrial metabolic activity;251.5.3.1;Mitochondrial biogenesis;251.5.3.2;Mitochondrial removal;251.5.3.3;Mitochondrial uncoupling;251.5.4;Factors that affect mitochondrial number and activity;261.5.4.1;Nuclear transcriptional regulators of mitochondrial function;261.5.4.2;Other factors;261.5.5;Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1;271.5.6;Mitochondrial production of prooxidant species;281.5.6.1;Mitochondrial production of prooxidants;281.5.6.2;Increased mitochondrial ROS production;281.5.6.3;Regulation of mitochondrial ROS formation;291.5.6.4;Mitochondrial redox signaling pathways;291.5.6.5;Targets of mitochondrial prooxidant damage;301.5.6.6;Mitochondrial antioxidant defense;301.5.7;Mitochondria and nitric oxide;311.5.7.1;Mitochondrial NOS;311.5.7.2;Nitric oxide impact on metabolism;321.5.8;Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis;331.5.8.1;Calcium uptake;331.5.8.2;Functions of mitochondrial calcium;341.5.9;The mitochondrial permeability transition;341.5.9.1;Mitochondrial permeability transition pore structure;341.5.9.2;Function of the permeability transition pore;351.5.9.3;Conditions that promote MPTP patency;361.5.9.4;Inhibition of MPTP opening;361.5.9.5;Mode of MPTP patency;371.5.10;Apoptosis;381.5.10.1;Phases of apoptosis;381.5.10.2;Calcium release and propagation of permeability transition;381.5.11;Causes for mitochondrial dysfunction;381.5.11.1;Mitochondrial diseases;381.5.11.2;Stress;391.5.11.3;Inflammation;391.5.11.4;External stressors on mitochondrial function;421.5.11.5;Other factors;431.5.12;Implications of mitochondrial dysfunction;431.5.12.1;Metabolic deficit;431.5.12.2;Proinflammatory signaling;431.5.12.3;Tissue effects;431.5.13;Mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease;431.5.13.1;Endothelial dysfunction;441.5.13.2;Hypertension;441.5.13.3;Coronary heart disease;441.5.13.4;Impaired preconditioning;441.5.13.5;Cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy;441.5.13.6;Electrophysiological dysfunction;451.5.14;Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disease;451.5.14.1;Exercise capacity and insulin resistance;451.5.14.2;Skeletal muscle mitochondria;451.5.14.3;Sarcopenia;461.5.14.4;Insulin resistance and type 2 DM;461.5.14.5;Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease;481.5.15;Conclusion;481.5.16;Bibliography;501.6;3 Telomeres;561.6.1;Telomere structure;561.6.1.1;Telomere DNA;561.6.1.2;Telomere proteins;561.6.1.3;Telomere capping and uncapping;561.6.1.4;Measurement of telomere length;571.6.2;Telomere function;571.6.3;Telomere shortening;571.6.3.1;DNA replication and the end-replication problem;571.6.3.2;Critical telomere length;571.6.4;Telomere dysfunction;581.6.4.1;The DNA-damage response;581.6.4.2;Other causes of telomere dysfunction;581.6.5;Physiologic age;581.6.5.1;Determinants of telomere length;581.6.5.2;Marker of physiologic aging;591.6.6;Gender differences;591.6.6.1;Estrogen and telomeres;591.6.6.2;Estrogen and telomerase;591.6.7;Telomerase;591.6.7.1;Telomerase components;601.6.7.2;Telomerase activity;601.6.7.3;Telomerase activation;611.6.7.4;Telomerase inactivation;621.6.7.5;Telomerase deficiency;621.6.8;Cell senescence and apoptosis;621.6.8.1;Triggers of cell senescence;631.6.8.2;Pathways of cell senescence;641.6.8.3;Senescen