The Legend of Seyavash

Abolqasem Ferdowsi was born in Khorasan in a village near Tus, in 940. His great epic the Shahnameh, to which he devoted most of his adult life, was originally composed for the Samanid princes of Khorasan, who were the chief instigators of the revival of Persian cultural traditions after the Arab conquest of the seventh century. During Ferdowsi's lifetime this dynasty was conquered by the Ghaznavid Turks, and there are various stories in medieval texts describing the lack of interest shown by the new ruler of Khorasan, Mahmud of Ghazni, in Ferdowsi and his lifework. Ferdowsi is said to have died around 1020 in poverty and embittered by royal neglect, though confident of his and his poem's ultimate fame. Dick Davis was born in Portsmouth, England in 1945 and educated at King's College, Cambridge (BA and MA in English Literature), and at the University of Manchester (PhD in Medieval Persian Literature). He is currently professor of Persian at Ohio State University. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.

"The Legend of Seyavash begins with the stuff of romance--a foreign girl of royal blood, found as a fugitive and introduced into the king's harem, gives birth to a son, Seyavash, who is raised not by his father the king, but by the great hero Rostam. Upon his return home from Rostam's tutelage, he is betrayed by his stepmother, Sudabeh, who attempts to seduce him and punishes him with a trial by fire when he spurns her. Seyavash is victorious in his trial, and goes on to successfully battle Iran's rival. Turan, concluding a truced with the Turanian king, Afrasyab, on amicable terms. But Seyavash's father, Kavus, insists that Seyavash surrender the Turanian hostages to slaughter, and with a conflicted conscience and no one to turn to, Seyavash flees to the Turanian court, where he is first given safe harbor, but is once again abandoned, murdered by the king's jealous brother. The Legend of Seyavash comes from the middle section of Ferdowsi's "Shahnameh, and presents a world of warfare between Iran and its neighbors. The epic style--with its paeans to loyalty, military prowess, and bravery, and its dichotomy between the forces of good and evil--is in full bloom. But here, as an episode of the Shahnameh which seems to receive more of Ferdowsi's attention, "The Legend of Seyavash achieves a psychological complexity, in Seyavash's struggles with his various father-figures, with his surrogate family, and ultimately with his own sense of loyalty conscience, and fate. The heroic action in The Legend of Seyavash is matched by Ferdowsi's acute and ethical insights into the individual's struggle between conscience and familial loyalty, easting Seyavash as not only an epic figures but a tragic oneas well.