Empires, Nations, and Natives

Benoît de L'Estoile teaches social anthropology at the École Normale Supérieure and at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, both in Paris.

By drawing on the social history of the social sciences, the sociology of scientific knowledge, and the ethnography of the State, these essays show how anthropology and state-building should be considered as intertwined processes.

Acknowledgments viiIntroduction: Anthropology and the Government of “Natives,” a Comparative Approach / Benoît de L’Estoile, Federico Neiburg, and Lygia Sigaud 1Rationalizing Colonial Domination? Anthropology and Native Policy in French-Ruled Africa / Benoît de L’Estoile 30“The Good-Hearted Portuguese People”: Anthropology of Nation, Anthropology of Empire / Omar Ribeiro Thomaz 58Vichy France and the End of Scientific Folklore (1937–1954) / Florence Weber 88From Nation to Empire: War and National Character Studies in the United States / Federico Neiburg and Marcio Goldman 108Anthropology at the End of Empire: The Rise and Fall of the Colonial Social Sciences Research Council, 1944–1962 / David Mills 135Bordering on Anthropology: Dialectics of a National Tradition in Mexico / Claudio Lomnitz 167Indigenism in Brazil: The International Migration of State Policies / Antonio Carlos de Souza Lima 197The Anthropologist as Expert: Brazilian Ethnology between Indianism and Indigenism / João Pacheco de Oliveira 223Anthropology, Development, and Nongovernmental Organizations in Latin America / Jorge F. Pantaleón 248The Ethnologist and the Architect: A Postcolonial Experiment in the French Pacific / Alban Bensa 263“Today We Have Naming of Parts”: The Work of Anthropologists in Southern Africa / Adam Kuper 277References 301Contributors 327Index 331