Terrestrial Ecosystems in Changing Environments

Predicting how terrestrial ecosystems might respond in the future to large-scale human-generated changes is a major challenge for ecologists. In Terrestrial Ecosystems in Changing Environments, Herman H. Shugart describes the fundamental ecological concepts, theoretical developments, and quantitative analyses involved in understanding the responses of natural systems to change. The key ecological concepts described include the ecosystem paradigm, niche theory, vegetation/climate relationships, landscape ecology and ecological modeling. A variety of ecological models are presented, and their applications in predicting responses to change are considered. The challenge of producing ecological models capable of predicting long-term and large-area ecosystem dynamics is reviewed and several examples are provided. Finally, some of the exciting new findings regarding terrestrial landscapes and their feedback with their climatic setting are discussed in the context of human land use and global change.

Preface; 1. The importance of understanding ecosystem change; 2. The omnipresence of change; 3. Temporal scale, spatial scale and the ecosystem; 4. An introduction to ecological modelling; 5. Niche theory; 6. Vegetation and environment relations; 7. The mosaic theory of natural landscapes; 8. Individual-based models; 9. Consequences of gap models; 10. Landscape models; 11. Mosaic landscape models; 12. Spatially interactive landscapes; 13. Homogeneous landscape models; 14. Global change; References; Index.