Language Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Language impairment in childhood and adolescence: presentation, diagnosis, assessmentand empirically validated treatment.As many as half of children and adolescents presenting for mental health serviceshave language impairments, often undiagnosed. This book offers a clear and comprehensivedescription of language impairment emerging in childhood and itsimplications for clinical practice with children and adolescents. The book is filledwith many clinical pearls and examples of the way language impairment impactson the child's symptom picture and influences treatment. After discussing ICD-10and the new DSM-5 criteria, it provides the reader with an easy-to-follow plan onhow to conduct the assessment with the child and parents, and the steps to takein initiating treatment. Unique modifications to empirically validated treatmentsare recommended for language-impaired children with comorbid anxiety or disruptivebehavior disorders. Anyone who works with children and adolescents willbenefit from this book.

Table of Contents1 Description1.1 Terminology1.1.1 Terms for Language Difficulties1.1.2 Diagnostic Criteria for Language Disorders1.1.3 Alternative Classification Frameworks forLanguage Impairment1.1.4 Speech Disorders1.1.5 Historical Terms1.2. Definition1.2.1 Language Domains1.2.2 Late Language Emergence1.2.3 Diagnostic Criteria: Language Impairment /Language Disorders1.2.4 Expressive Language Impairment1.2.5 Receptive Language Impairment1.2.6 Definitional Issues1.2.7 Stigma, Labeling, and Terminology1.3 Epidemiology1.3.1 Sex Ratio, Cultural and SocioeconomicFactors1.4 Course and Prognosis1.4.1 Early Childhood: Late Language Emergence1.4.2 Child and Adolescent Development1.4.3 Adult Outcomes1.5 Differential Diagnosis1.5.1 Developmental Delay / IntellectualDisabilities / Mental Retardation1.5.2 Environmental Deprivation1.5.3 Autism Spectrum Disorder / PervasiveDevelopmental Disorders1.5.4 Selective Mutism1.6 Comorbidities1.6.1 Phonological Disorder1.6.2 Learning Disabilities1.6.3 Anxiety Disorders1.6.4 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder1.6.5 Conduct Disorders / Delinquency1.6.6 Other Mental Health Concerns1.7 Diagnostic and Procedures and Documentation1.7.1 Language Screening1.7.2 Language Assessment1.7.3 Assessment Tools for Behavioral andEmotional Concerns2 Theories and Models of Language Disorders in Childrenand Adolescents2.1 Typical Language Development2.1.1 Prenatal and Neonatal Development2.1.2 Environmental Support for LanguageLearning2.1.3 Critical / Sensitive Periods2.2. Language Impairment / Language Disorders2.2.1 Genetics and Language Impairment2.2.2 Information Processing and WorkingMemory Limitations2.2.3 Hearing Impairment and Otitis Media2.2.4 Environmental Factors2.3 Models Linking LI and Psychosocial Outcomes2.3.1 Parent-–Child Relationship2.3.2 Unrecognized Comprehension Problems2.3.3 Self-Regulation2.3.4 Social Problems2.3.5 Academic Achievement Issues andCompetence3 Diagnosis and Treatment Indications3.1 Diagnostic Approach3.2 Treatment Indications3.2.1 Guidance4 Treatment4.1 Methods of Treatment4.1.1 General Treatment Guidelines4.1.2 Focus on Language]4.1.3 Comorbid Language Disorders: Clarifyingthe Issues4.1.4 Organizing the Treatment4.1.5 Core Therapeutic Approaches4.1.6 Therapeutic Considerations for AdolescentsWith LI4.1.7 Social Skills Training Programs4.2 Mechanisms of Action4.2.1 Working With the Environment4.2.2 Working With the Child4.3 Efficacy and Prognosis4.3.1 Anxiety Disorders4.3.2 Disruptive Behavior Disorders: ADHD /ODD / CD4.4 Variations and Combinations of Methods4.4.1 Use of Medication4.5 Problems in Carrying Out the Treatments4.5.1 Working With Parents4.5.2 Addressing Pragmatic Issues4.5.3 Therapist–Child Relationship4.5.4 Resistance4.6 Multicultural, Gender, and Social Disadvantage Issues4.6.1 Gender Issues4.6.2 Bilingual and Multilingual Children4.6.3 Social Disadvantage5 Further Reading6 References7 Appendix: Tools and Resources