Antimicrobial Polymers

The pioneering guide on the design, processing, and testing of antimicrobial plastic materials and coatings The manifestation of harmful microbes in plastic materials used in medical devices and drugs, water purification systems, hospital equipment, textiles, and food packaging pose alarming health threats to consumers by exposing them to many serious infectious diseases. As a result, high demand for intensifying efforts in the R&D of antimicrobial polymers has placed heavy reliance on both academia and industry to find viable solutions for producing safer plastic materials. To assist researchers and students in this endeavor, Antimicrobial Polymers explores coupling contaminant-deterring biocides and plastics focusing particular attention on natural biocides and the nanofabrication of biocides. Each chapter is devoted to addressing a key technology employed to impart antimicrobial behavior to polymers, including chemical modification of the polymers themselves. A host of relevant topics, such as regulatory matters, human safety, and environmental risks are covered to help lend depth to the book's vital subject matter. In addition, Antimicrobial Polymers: Discusses the design, processing, and testing of antimicrobial plastic materials Covers interdisciplinary areas of chemistry and microbiology Includes applications in food packaging, medical devices, nanotechnology, and coatings Details regulations from the U.S. (FDA and EPA) and EU as well as human safety and environmental concerns Achieving cleaner and more effective methods for improving the infection-fighting properties of versatile and necessary plastic materials is a goal that stretches across many scientific fields. Antimicrobial Polymers combines all of this information into one volume, exposing readers to preventive strategies that harbor vast potential for making exposure to polymeric products and surfaces a far less risky undertaking in the future.

The pioneering guide on the design, processing, and testingof antimicrobial plastic materials and coatingsThe manifestation of harmful microbes in plastic materials usedin medical devices and drugs, water purification systems, hospitalequipment, textiles, and food packaging pose alarming healththreats to consumers by exposing them to many serious infectiousdiseases. As a result, high demand for intensifying efforts in theR&D of antimicrobial polymers has placed heavy reliance on bothacademia and industry to find viable solutions for producing saferplastic materials. To assist researchers and students in thisendeavor, Antimicrobial Polymers explores couplingcontaminant-deterring biocides and plastics--focusingparticular attention on natural biocides and the nanofabrication ofbiocides. Each chapter is devoted to addressing a key technologyemployed to impart antimicrobial behavior to polymers, includingchemical modification of the polymers themselves. A host ofrelevant topics, such as regulatory matters, human safety, andenvironmental risks are covered to help lend depth to the book'svital subject matter. In addition, AntimicrobialPolymers:* Discusses the design, processing, and testing of antimicrobialplastic materials* Covers interdisciplinary areas of chemistry and microbiology* Includes applications in food packaging, medical devicesnanotechnology, and coatings* Details regulations from the U.S. (FDA and EPA) and EU as wellas human safety and environmental concernsAchieving cleaner and more effective methods for improving theinfection-fighting properties of versatile and necessary plasticmaterials is a goal that stretches across many scientific fields.Antimicrobial Polymers combines all of this information intoone volume, exposing readers to preventive strategies that harborvast potential for making exposure to polymeric products andsurfaces a far less risky undertaking in the future.

PREFACE viiCONTRIBUTORS ix1 ANTIMICROBIAL PACKAGING POLYMERS. A GENERAL INTRODUCTION1Jose´ M. Lagaron, Maria J. Ocio, and AmparoLopez-Rubio2 BACTERIAL RESISTANCE AND CHALLENGES OF BIOCIDE PLASTICS23Nibras A.A.M. Ahmed3 "CLICK CHEMISTRY" TO DERIVED ANTIMICROBIALPOLYMERS 51P. Lecomte, R. Riva, and C. Jerome4 CHITOSAN AND CHITOSAN BLENDS AS ANTIMICROBIALS 71Patricia Fernandez-Saiz5 THYMOL IN NANOCOMPOSITES. A CASE STUDY 101Maria Dolores Sanchez-Garcia6 BACTERIOCINS IN PLASTICS 117Gianluigi Mauriello and Francesco Villani7 ANTIMICROBIAL ENZYMES AND NATURAL EXTRACTS IN PLASTICS159Marcella Mastromatteo, Marianna Mastromatteo, Amalia Conte, andMatteo Alessandro Del Nobile8 ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES 195Jose F. Marcos and Paloma Manzanares9 RECOMBINANT ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES 227J. Carlos Rodriguez-Cabello, Carmen Garcia-Arevalo, AlessandraGirotti, Laura Martin, and Mercedes Santos10 NOVEL ANTIMICROBIALS OBTAINED BY ELECTROSPINNING METHODS261Sergio Torres-Giner11 SILVER- AND NANOSILVER-BASED PLASTIC TECHNOLOGIES 287Antonio Martinez-Abad12 ANTIMICROBIAL PLASTICS BASED ON METAL-CONTAINING NANOLAYEREDCLAYS 317Jose´ M. Lagaron and Maria A. Busolo13 NANOMETALS AS ANTIMICROBIALS 327R.P. Allaker, M.A. Vargas-Reus, and G.G. Ren14 TITANIUM DIOXIDE-BASED PLASTIC TECHNOLOGIES 351Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Maria L. Cerrada, Anna Kubacka, andMarcos Fernandez-Garcia15 TISSUE-IMPLANT ANTIMICROBIAL INTERFACES 379E. Marsich, A. Travan, I. Donati, G. Turco, F. Bellomo, and S.Paoletti16 CHARACTERIZING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CELL MEMBRANES ANDANTIMICROBIALS VIA SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION VIBRATIONALSPECTROSCOPY 429Christopher W. Avery and Zhan Chen17 GAS-BASED ANTIMICROBIALS IN ACTIVE PACKAGING 459Siriyupa Netramai, Maria Rubino, and Loong-Tak Lim18 CURRENT LEGISLATION IN ANTIMICROBIALS 489Javier Gomez19 HUMAN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ASSOCIATED WITH THEUSE OF BIOCIDES 527Orla Condell, Carol Iversen, Karen Power, and SeamusFanningINDEX 561